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in medio dolore VF

  • 1 medius

    I a, um
    1) находящийся посреди, средний ( digitus Q); срединный, центральный (pars urbis, locus C)
    insula media (media insula) C etc. — остров, находящийся посреди или центральная часть острова
    media per moenia V — среди (городских) стен, т. е. по городу
    media aetas Pl, C etc. — средние годы, зрелый возраст
    medio sermone V — посреди, т. е. не закончив речи
    ubique m. caelus est погов. Pt — всюду (над нами) центр неба
    mediā in voce resistere V — прервать свою речь, запнуться
    aliquem medium complecti Ter, L и arripere Ter — обхватить кого л. поперёк тела (за талию)
    populus m. inter Latinos et Tuscos Fl — народ, обитающий между Латием и Этрурией
    m. Pollūce et Castore poni O — оказаться между Поллуксом и Кастором, т. е. быть вознесенным на небо
    pacis mediusque belli H — активный участник как мирной жизни, так и войны
    2) промежуточный (medii dies L; medium inter aequum et utile L)
    3)
    а) существенный, относящийся к сущности ( hoc est ex mediā philosophiā C)
    4) посредственный, заурядный, обыкновенный, неважный (orator C; ingenium T)
    6) беспристрастный, нейтральный
    7) общий, общественный ( officium C), общедоступный ( mediae telluris opes VF)
    8) двусмысленный, неопределённый (responsum L; vocabula AG)
    9) посредничающий, выступающий посредником ( medium paci se offerre V)
    10) рядовой, простой (vulgus, plebs O)
    11) половинный (sc. pars Vr, Pall; aurum medium alicui reddere Capit)
    12) мешающий, путающийся (aliquis m. occurrit V)
    II mēdius Fidius (из me dius Fidius, sc. juvet) C, Pt — см. Fidius

    Латинско-русский словарь > medius

  • 2 medius

    mĕdĭus, a, um, adj. [Sanscr. madhya, the same; Gr. mesos; Angl. - Sax. midd; Germ. Mitte; cf. dimidius, meridies (medi-), etc.], that is in the middle or midst, mid, middle (class.).
    I.
    Adj.
    A.
    Lit.:

    terra complexa medium mundi locum,

    Cic. Rep. 6, 18, 18; cf. id. ib. 6, 17, 17:

    medium mundi locum petere,

    id. Tusc. 5, 24, 69:

    versus aeque prima, et media, et extrema pars attenditur,

    id. de Or. 3, 50, 192:

    ultimum, proximum, medium tempus,

    id. Prov. Cons. 18, 43:

    in foro medio,

    in the midst of the forum, Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 14; Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 3, 6; cf.:

    medio foro,

    in the open forum, Suet. Claud. 18 al.:

    in solio medius consedit,

    sat in the middle, Ov. F. 3, 359; Verg. A. 7, 169:

    considit scopulo medius,

    id. G. 4, 436:

    concilio medius sedebat,

    Ov. M. 10, 144:

    ignes,

    Verg. A. 12, 201:

    medio tempore,

    in the meantime, meanwhile, Suet. Caes. 76: vinum novum, vetus, medium, i. e. neither old nor new, Varr. ap. Gell. 13, 31, 14:

    cum plenus fluctu medius foret alveus,

    full to the middle, Juv. 12, 30.—With dat.:

    Peloponnesii Megaram, mediam Corintho Athenisque urbem, condidere,

    midway between Corinth and Athens, Vell. 1, 2, 4.—With abl.:

    si medius Polluce et Castore ponar,

    between, Ov. Am. 2, 16, 13.—With inter:

    cum inter bellum et pacem medium nihil sit,

    there is no medium, no middle course between, Cic. Phil. 8, 1, 4:

    inter quos numeros duo medii inveniuntur (sc. numeri),

    Mart. Cap. 7, § 737.—With gen.:

    locus medius regionum earum,

    half-way between, Caes. B. G. 4, 19:

    locus medius juguli summique lacerti,

    between, Ov. M. 6, 409; 5, 564:

    et medius juvenum ibat,

    id. F. 5, 67:

    medius silentūm,

    Stat. Th. 4, 683.—With ex:

    medius ex tribus,

    Sall. J. 11, 3:

    medium arripere aliquem,

    to seize one by the middle, around the body, Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 18:

    juvenem medium complectitur,

    Liv. 23, 9, 9:

    Alcides medium tenuit,

    held him fast by the middle, Luc. 4, 652:

    medium ostendere unguem,

    to point with the middle finger, Juv. 10, 53.—
    2.
    Transf., half (ante- and postclass.):

    hieme demunt cibum medium,

    half their food, Varr. R. R. 3, 7, 9:

    scrupulum croci,

    Pall. Jan. 18: aurum... Italicis totum, medium provincialibus reddidit, Capitol. Anton. Pius, 4 fin. —
    B.
    Trop., of the middle, not very great or small, middling, medial, moderate.
    1.
    Of age:

    aetatis mediae vir,

    of middle age, Phaedr. 2, 2, 3.—
    2.
    Of plans, purposes, etc.:

    nihil medium, nec spem nec curam, sed immensa omnia volventes animo,

    Liv. 2, 49, 5:

    medium quiddam tenere,

    Plin. Ep. 4, 9, 9.—
    3.
    Of intellect:

    eloquentiā medius,

    middling, tolerable, Vell. 2, 29, 2:

    ingenium,

    moderate, Tac. H. 1, 49.—
    4.
    Undetermined, undecided:

    medios esse,

    i. e. neutral, Cic. Att. 10, 8, 4:

    medium se gerere,

    Liv. 2, 27:

    se dubium mediumque partibus praestitit,

    Vell. 2, 21, 1; cf.:

    responsum,

    indefinite, ambiguous, Liv. 39, 39: vocabula, that can be taken in a good or bad sense, ambiguous, Gell. 12, 9, 1. —
    5.
    Indifferent, not imperative: officium, a duty which is not distinctly enjoined by the moral law, but is sustained by preponderant reasoning:

    medium officium id esse dicunt (Graeci) quod cur factum sit, ratio probabilis reddi possit,

    Cic. Off. 1, 3, 8; cf.:

    ex quo intellegitur, officium medium quiddam esse, quod neque in bonis ponatur neque in contrariis,

    id. Fin. 3, 17, 58; cf.

    sqq. and Madv. ad loc.: artes,

    which in themselves are neither good nor bad, indifferent, Quint. 2, 20, 1.—
    6.
    Intermediate:

    medium erat in Anco ingenium, et Numae et Romuli memor,

    of a middle kind, resembling each in some degree, Liv. 1, 32, 4:

    nihil habet ista res (actoris) medium, sed aut lacrimas meretur aut risum,

    Quint. 6, 1, 45:

    ille jam paene medius adfectus est ex amoribus et desideriis amicorum,

    Quint. 6, 2, 17.—Hence, as subst.: mĕdĭus, i, m., one who stands or comes between, a mediator:

    medium sese offert,

    as a mediator, Verg. A. 7, 536:

    pacator mediusque Syphax,

    Sil. 16, 222:

    pacis eras mediusque belli,

    arbiter, Hor. C. 2, 19, 28; cf.:

    nunc mediis subeant irrita verba deis,

    oaths in which the gods were called upon to be mediators, Ov. R. Am. 678.—
    7.
    Central, with ex or in:

    ex factione media consul,

    fully committed to it, Sall. H. 3, 61, 8;

    so (nearly = intimus), viros fortīs et magnanimos eosdem bonos et simplicīs... esse volumus: quae sunt ex media laude justititiae,

    these qualities are clearly among those which make uprightness praiseworthy, Cic. Off. 1, 19, 63:

    partitiones oratoriae, quae e media illa nostra Academia effloruerunt,

    id. Part. Or. 40, 139:

    ingressio e media philosophia repetita est,

    id. Or. 3, 11; id. Leg. 2, 21, 53:

    in medio maerore et dolore,

    id. Tusc. 4, 29, 63; id. Q. Fr. 2, 15, 1:

    in media dimicatione,

    the hottest of the fight, Suet. Aug. 10; cf.:

    in medio ardore certaminis,

    Curt. 8, 4, 27:

    in media solitudine,

    the most profound, Sen. Brev. Vit. 12, 2:

    in mediis divitiis,

    in abundant wealth, id. Vit. Beat. 26, 1:

    in medio robore virium,

    Liv. 28, 35, 6:

    in medio ardore belli,

    id. 24, 45, 4:

    in media reipublicae luce,

    the full blaze of public life, Quint. 1, 2, 18:

    media inter pocula,

    Juv. 8, 217.—Hence,
    II.
    Subst.: mĕdĭum, ii, n., the middle, midst.
    A.
    Lit.
    1.
    Of space (very rare in Cic.):

    in medio aedium sedens,

    Liv. 1, 57, 9:

    maris,

    id. 31, 45, 11; for which, without in, medio aedium eburneis sellis sedere, id. 5, 41, 2:

    medio viae ponere,

    id. 37, 13, 10:

    in agmine in primis modo, modo in postremis, saepe in medio adesse,

    Sall. J. 45, 2; for which, without in, medio sextam legionem constituit, Tac. A. 13, 38:

    medio montium porrigitur planities,

    id. ib. 1, 64:

    medio stans hostia ad aras,

    Verg. G. 3, 486:

    medio tutissimus ibis,

    Ov. M. 2, 137:

    in medium geminos immani pondere caestus Projecit,

    Verg. A. 5, 401:

    in medium sarcinas coniciunt,

    Liv. 10, 36, 1; 13:

    equitatus consulem in medium acceptum, armis protegens, in castra reduxit,

    id. 21, 46, 9.— Trop.:

    tamquam arbiter honorarius medium ferire voluisse,

    to cut through the middle, Cic. Fat. 17, 39:

    intacta invidiā media sunt, ad summa ferme tendit,

    Liv. 45, 35.—
    2.
    Of time:

    diei,

    Liv. 27, 48:

    medio temporis,

    in the meantime, meanwhile, Tac. A. 13, 28; cf.:

    nec longum in medio tempus, cum,

    the interval, Verg. A. 9, 395; Ov. M. 4, 167; Plin. Ep. 7, 27, 13.—
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    The midst of all, the presence of all, the public, the community (class.):

    in medio omnibus palma est posita, qui artem tractant musicam,

    lies open to all, Ter. Phorm. prol. 16:

    tabulae sunt in medio,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 42, § 104:

    rem totam in medio ponere,

    publicly, id. ib. 2, 1, 11, §

    29: ponam in medio sententias philosophorum,

    id. N. D. 1, 6, 13:

    dicendi ratio in medio posita,

    lies open to all, id. de Or. 1, 3, 12:

    rem in medium proferre,

    to publish, make known, id. Fam. 15, 27, 6: vocare in medium, before the public, before a public tribunal:

    rem in medium vocare coeperunt,

    id. Clu. 28, 77:

    in medio relinquere,

    to leave it to the public, leave it undecided, id. Cael. 20, 48; Sall. C. 19, 16: pellere e medio, to expel, reject, Enn. ap. Cic. Mur. 14, 30 (Ann. v. 272 Vahl.); Cic. Off. 3, 8, 37:

    cum jacentia verba sustulimus e medio,

    adopt words from the people, common words, id. de Or. 3, 45, 177; cf.: munda sed e medio consuetaque verba puellae Scribite, Ov. A. A. 3, 479: tollere de medio, to do away with, abolish:

    litteras,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 71, § 176: tollere de medio, to put out of the way, cut off, destroy:

    hominem,

    id. Rosc. Am. 7, 20:

    de medio removere,

    to put out of sight, id. ib. 8, 23: e medio excedere or abire, to leave the world, to die:

    e medio excessit,

    she is dead, Ter. Phorm. 5, 7, 74:

    ea mortem obiit, e medio abiit,

    id. ib. 5, 8, 30:

    tollite lumen e medio,

    Juv. 9, 106: recedere de medio, to go away, retire, withdraw:

    cur te mihi offers? recede de medio,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 38, 112:

    in medio esse,

    to be present, Ter. Ad. 3, 5, 32:

    in medium venire or procedere,

    to appear, come forward, show one's self in public, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 71, § 175: in medium, before the public, for the public, for the community:

    communes utilitates in medium afferre,

    id. Off. 1, 7, 22:

    consulere in medium,

    to care for the public good, for the good of all, Verg. A. 11, 335;

    so opp. separantem suas res a publicis,

    Liv. 24, 22, 14 sq.; 26, 12, 7:

    quaerere,

    to make acquisitions for the use of all, Verg. G. 1, 127: cedere, to fall or devolve to the community, Tac. H. 4, 64:

    conferre laudem,

    i. e. so that all may have a share of it, Liv. 6, 6:

    dare,

    to communicate for the use of all, Ov. M. 15, 66:

    in medium conferre, in gaming,

    to put down, put in the pool, Suet. Aug. 71: in medio, for sub dio, in the open air:

    scorpios fugari posse, si aliqui ex eis urantur in medio,

    Pall. 1, 35, 12.—
    2.
    A half (ante-class. and post-Aug.):

    scillae medium conterunt cum aqua,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 7:

    scrobem ad medium completo,

    Col. Arb. 4, 5.—Hence,
    III.
    Adv.: mĕdĭē, in the middle, in a middling degree, moderately, tolerably (except once in Tac. only post-class.):

    qui noluerant medie,

    kept quiet, remained neutral, Tac. H. 1, 19:

    nec plane optimi, nec oppido deterrimi sunt, sed quasi medie morati,

    App. Dogm. Plat. 2, p. 22, 23; Eutr. 7, 13; Lact. 6, 15 fin.:

    ortus medie humilis,

    Aur. Vict. Caes. 20.—
    2.
    Indefinitely, Ambros. in Luc. 8, 17, 34.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > medius

  • 3 interfaris

    interfāris, fātur, fāri, fātus sum (interfor, inusité) [st2]1 [-] interrompre, couper la parole. [st2]2 [-] parler entre, jeter quelques paroles.    - priusquam ille postulatum perageret, interfatur Appius, Liv. 3: avant qu'il eût terminé sa requête, Appius lui coupe la parole.    - orsum eum dicere in Aetolos, Phaeneas interfatus, Liv. 32, 34: il commençait à parler aux Etoliens quand Phénéas l'interrompit.    - Venus medio sic interfata dolore est, Virg. En. 1: Vénus l'interrompit au milieu de ses lamentations.    - aliquem interfari nefas est, Plin. Ep. 1: il est interdit d'interrompre qqn.
    * * *
    interfāris, fātur, fāri, fātus sum (interfor, inusité) [st2]1 [-] interrompre, couper la parole. [st2]2 [-] parler entre, jeter quelques paroles.    - priusquam ille postulatum perageret, interfatur Appius, Liv. 3: avant qu'il eût terminé sa requête, Appius lui coupe la parole.    - orsum eum dicere in Aetolos, Phaeneas interfatus, Liv. 32, 34: il commençait à parler aux Etoliens quand Phénéas l'interrompit.    - Venus medio sic interfata dolore est, Virg. En. 1: Vénus l'interrompit au milieu de ses lamentations.    - aliquem interfari nefas est, Plin. Ep. 1: il est interdit d'interrompre qqn.
    * * *
        Interfaris, interfatur, interfari. Liu. Entrerompre la parolle et propos d'aucun, Parler parmi le propos d'autruy, Entreparler.

    Dictionarium latinogallicum > interfaris

  • 4 medius

        medius adj.    [MED-], in the middle, in the midst, mid, mean, middle: mundi locus: tempus: solio medius consedit, in the middle, V.: medius Polluce et Castore ponar, between, O.: medios ignīs testor, i. e. on the altar between us, V.: medium turba Hunc habet, surrounds, V.: Discessere omnes medii, from the midst, V.: caelestes medio Iove sedent, O.: medium ostendere unguem, point with the middle finger, Iu.: cum inter bellum et pacem medium nihil sit, no middle course: locus medius regionum earum, half-way between, Cs.: locus medius iuguli summique lacerti, between, O.: medius ex tribus, S.: in foro medio, in the middle of the forum: in mediis aedibus: de mediā nocte, midnight, Cs.: mediā aestate, at midsummer: medios dilapsus in hostīs, V.: Phoebus, the sun at noon, O.: (illum) medium adripere, by the middle, T.: iuvenem medium complectitur, L.—Fig., of the middle, middling, medial, moderate: aetatis mediae vir, of middle age, Ph.: nihil medium, sed inmensa omnia volventes animo, L.: gratia non media, extraordinary, L.: ingenium, Ta.: sermones, common, O.— Undetermined, undecided, neutral: medium quendam cursum tenere: medios esse: responsum, ambiguous, L.— Indifferent, not imperative: officium (opp. perfectum).— Intermediate: medium erat in Anco ingenium, et Numae et Romuli memor, like each some respects, L.: consilium, avoiding both extremes, L.— Central, intimate, profound, essential: quae sunt ex mediā laude iustitiae, essential claims to honor: in medio maerore et dolore, buried in: in medio ardore belli, L.: media inter pocula, Iu.: Pacis eras mediusque belli, equally ready for, H.—As subst m., a mediator: paci medium se offert, V.
    * * *
    I
    media, medium ADJ
    middle, middle of, mid; common, neutral, ordinary, moderate; ambiguous
    II
    mediator; one who stands in the middle, one who comes between

    Latin-English dictionary > medius

  • 5 tacenda

    tăcĕo, cŭi, cĭtum, 2, v. n. and a. [etym. dub.; perh. root tak-, tvak-, to be or make quiet, content; Sanscr. tucyati, to satisfy; v. Fick, Vergl. Wört. s. v. § 73; 362].
    I.
    Neutr., to be silent, i. e. not to speak, to say nothing, hold one ' s peace (therefore more limited in signif. than silere, to be still, to make no noise): qui dicta loquive tacereve possit, Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4 (Ann. v. 255 Vahl.); so, tacere ac fabulari, id. ap. Non. 475, 2 (Trag. v. 182 ib.): Ag. Ne obturba ac tace. Mil. Taceo. Ag. Si tacuisses, jam istuc taceo non natum foret, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 49 sq.:

    silete et tacete,

    id. ib. prol. 3; cf. id. Capt. 3, 1, 19:

    taceamne an praedicem,

    Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 54; 5, 2, 60; id. And. 2, 3, 25:

    ea lingulaca est nobis, nam numquam tacet,

    Plaut. Cas. 2, 8, 62:

    ad loquendum atque ad tacendum tute habeas portisculum,

    id. As. 3, 1, 15:

    tacendo loqui videbantur,

    Cic. Sest. 18, 40:

    hic Abdera, non tacente me,

    id. Att. 4, 17, 3 B. and K.:

    nobis tacentibus,

    id. Ac. 2, 32, 101:

    an me taciturum tantis de rebus existimavistis?

    id. Verr. 1, 9, 27:

    taceamus,

    Liv. 40, 9, 5:

    tacere nondum volumus,

    Sid. Ep. 8, 16.— Impers. pass.:

    taceri si vis, vera dicito,

    Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 26:

    ut doceam Rullum posthac in iis saltem tacere rebus, in quibus de se et de suis factis taceri velit,

    Cic. Agr. 3, 2, 4.—
    B.
    Transf., for silere, of animals and things, concr. and abstr., to be still, noiseless, quiet, at rest (mostly poet.):

    canis ipse tacet,

    Tib. 2, 4, 34; cf.:

    vere prius volucres taceant, aestate cicadae,

    Ov. A. A. 1, 271:

    nox erat... Cum tacet omnis ager pecudes pictaeque volucres,

    Verg. A. 4, 525; cf.

    nox,

    Cat. 7, 7:

    nec diu taceat procax locutio,

    id. 61, 126:

    non oculi tacuere tui,

    Ov. Am. 2, 5, 17: plectra dolore tacent;

    muta dolore lyra est,

    id. H. 15, 198:

    tacet stridor litui,

    Sen. Thyest. 575:

    essedo tacente,

    noiseless, Mart. 4, 64, 19:

    Ister tacens,

    i. e. standing still, frozen, id. 7, 84, 3:

    solitudo et tacentes loci,

    hushed, still, Tac. H. 3, 85:

    loca tacentia,

    the under world, the silent land, Verg. A. 6, 265:

    aquae tacentes,

    Prop. 4 (5), 4, 49:

    tacere indolem illam Romanam,

    i. e. did not show itself, had disappeared, Liv. 9, 6, 12:

    blanditiae taceant,

    Ov. Am. 1, 4, 66.—
    II.
    Act., to pass over in silence, be silent respecting a thing (rare but class.):

    et tu hoc taceto,

    Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 64:

    quae vera audivi, taceo et contineo,

    Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 23; Plaut. Ep. 5, 1, 44:

    enuntiabo... quod adhuc semper tacui et tacendum putavi,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 26, 119:

    quid dixit aut quid tacuit?

    Hor. Epod. 5, 49:

    commissa tacere Qui nequit,

    id. S. 1, 4, 84:

    ut alios taceam,

    not to speak of others, Ov. M. 13, 177; so,

    Narcissum,

    Verg. G. 4, 123:

    novercas,

    Sen. Hippol. 558 et saep.:

    tacebimus, quid in ipso homine prosit homini?

    Plin. 28, 1, 1, § 1.— Pass.:

    ignotumst, tacitumst, creditumst,

    Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 28:

    aureus in medio Marte tacetur Amor,

    Ov. Am. 2, 18, 36:

    vir Celtiberis non tacende gentibus,

    Mart. 1, 50, 1. — Hence, subst.: tăcenda, ōrum, n., things not to be uttered: dicenda tacenda locutus, rhêta kai arrêta, things fit and unfit to be spoken, Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 72; cf.:

    gravis est culpa tacenda loqui,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 604.—Hence, tă-cĭtus, a, um, P. a.
    A.
    Pass., that is passed over in silence, not spoken of, kept secret, unmentioned:

    prima duo capita epistulae tuae tacita mihi quodammodo relinquenda sunt,

    Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 2:

    aliquid tacitum tenere,

    id. de Or. 3, 17, 64; cf.:

    quod cum ab antiquis tacitum praetermissumque sit,

    Liv. 6, 12, 3; Verg. A. 6, 841:

    tacitum erit,

    Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 64:

    suspendas potins me, quam tacita tu haec auferas,

    i. e. without my speaking of it, uncontradicted by me, id. As. 4, 2, 7; cf.:

    cetera si reprehenderis, non feres tacitum,

    Cic. Att. 2, 3, 2:

    ne id quidem ab Turno tulisse tacitum ferunt: dixisse enim, etc.,

    Liv. 1, 50, 9; so, too, tacitum ferre. id. 3, 45, 6: non patientibus tacitum tribunis, quod, etc., id. 7, 1, 5:

    tacere nequeo misera, quod tacito usus est,

    silence, Plaut. Cist. 1, 2, 7. —
    2.
    Transf.
    a.
    In jurid. lang., that is done without words, assumed as a matter of course, silent, implied, tacit:

    non omnia scriptis, sed quaedam, quae perspicua sint, tacitis exceptionibus caveri,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 47, 140:

    conventio,

    Dig. 20, 2, 3:

    condicio,

    ib. 23, 3, 68:

    jus,

    ib. 29, 2, 66:

    substitutio,

    ib. 28, 5, 25:

    indutiae,

    Liv. 2, 18; 2, 64; 23, 46:

    fideicommissum,

    Quint. 9, 2, 74.—
    b.
    That is done or exists in silence; silent, secret, hidden, concealed:

    senatus decrevit, ut tacitum judicium ante comitia fierit,

    Cic. Att. 4, 17, 3 Bait.:

    aures ipsae tacito eum (modum) sensu sine arte definiunt,

    id. Or. 60, 203:

    omnes enim tacito quodam sensu sine ullā arte aut ratione quae sint... recta ac prava dijudicant,

    id. de Or. 3, 50, 195:

    ob tacitas cum Marcello offensiones,

    Vell. 2, 93, 2:

    tacitum vivit sub pectore vulnus,

    Verg. A. 4, 67; so,

    affectus,

    Ov. M. 7, 147:

    pudor,

    id. ib. 7, 743:

    ira,

    id. ib. 6, 623:

    dissimulare sperasti, tacitusque meā decedere terrā,

    secretly, unobserved, Verg. A. 4, 306.— Subst.: tăcĭtum, i, n., a secret:

    taciti vulgator,

    Ov. Am. 3, 7, 51. —
    B.
    Act. or neutr., that does not speak, not uttering a sound, silent, still, quiet, noiseless, mute:

    quod boni est, id tacitus taceas tute tecum et gaudeas,

    Plaut. Ep. 5, 1, 44:

    tacitus tace modo,

    id. Poen. 4, 2, 84:

    mulier,

    id. Rud. 4, 4, 70; cf.:

    lacrumans tacitus auscultabat, quae ego loquebar,

    id. Bacch. 4, 9, 59:

    quid exspectas auctoritatem loquentium, quorum voluntatem tacitorum perspicis?

    Cic. Cat. 1, 8, 20; 3, 11, 26:

    vos me jam hoc tacito intellegetis,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 73, § 180:

    quae (patria) tecum tacita loquitur,

    id. Cat. 1, 7, 18: voluntas;

    quae si tacitis nobis intellegi posset, verbis omnino non uteremur,

    id. Caecin. 18, 53; id. Verr. 2, 3, 16, § 41:

    nihil me mutum delectare potest, nihil tacitum,

    id. Cat. 3, 11, 26:

    si quam conjecturam adfert hominibus tacita corporis figura,

    id. Rosc. Com. 7, 20:

    tacita vestra exspectatio,

    id. Clu. 23, 63:

    assensiones nec tacitae nec occultae,

    implied, tacit, id. Mil. 5, 12:

    si mori tacitum oportet, taceamus,

    i. e. without making a defence, Liv. 40, 9, 5:

    contumeliam tacitus tulit,

    id. 35, 19, 1:

    ut forte legentem Aut tacitum impellat,

    i. e. meditating, Hor. S. 1, 3, 65:

    pro sollicitis non tacitus reis,

    eloquent, outspoken, id. C. 4, 1, 14:

    tacitus pasci si posset corvus,

    id. Ep. 1, 17, 50:

    tacitā fistula cum lyrā,

    id. C. 3, 19, 20:

    totum pererrat Luminibus tacitis,

    with silent glances, Verg. A. 4, 364:

    fulmen,

    i. e. without thunder, Luc. 1, 533 et saep.:

    per tacitum nemus ire,

    still, silent, quiet, Verg. A. 6, 386; so,

    unda,

    id. ib. 8, 87:

    caelum,

    id. ib. 3, 515:

    aër,

    Mart. 8, 32, 1:

    domus,

    id. 9, 62, 12:

    limen,

    Verg. A. 7, 343:

    nox,

    Ov. H. 18, 78; id. F. 2, 552.— Subst.: tăcĭtum, i, n., silence:

    septem surgens sedatis amnibus altus Per tacitum Ganges,

    in its silent course, flowing silently, Verg. A. 9, 31; cf.:

    trahitur Gangesque Padusque Per tacitum mundi,

    i. e. through subterranean passages, Luc. 10, 253:

    somnus per tacitum allapsus,

    silently, in silence, Sil. 10, 354:

    erumpunt sub casside fusae Per tacitum lacrimae,

    id. 12, 554; 17, 216.—
    C.
    As proper name: Tă-cĭta, ae, f., = Muta, the goddess of Silence:

    ecce anus in mediis residens annosa puellis Sacra facit Tacitae,

    Ov. F. 2, 572; v. also 2. Tacitus.— Adv.: tăcĭtē, silently, in silence, secretly (class.):

    auscultemus,

    Plaut. As. 3, 2, 42:

    tacite rogare,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 5, 13:

    tacite dat ipsa lex potestatem defendendi,

    id. Mil. 4, 11:

    perire tacite obscureque,

    id. Quint. 15, 50:

    non tulit verecundiam senatus,

    Liv. 5, 28, 1:

    exsecrari praetereuntem,

    id. 2, 58, 8:

    annus labens,

    Ov. F. 1, 65; Just. 15, 2; Plin. Ep. 5, 17, 2; Val. Max. 6, 5, 2.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > tacenda

  • 6 taceo

    tăcĕo, cŭi, cĭtum, 2, v. n. and a. [etym. dub.; perh. root tak-, tvak-, to be or make quiet, content; Sanscr. tucyati, to satisfy; v. Fick, Vergl. Wört. s. v. § 73; 362].
    I.
    Neutr., to be silent, i. e. not to speak, to say nothing, hold one ' s peace (therefore more limited in signif. than silere, to be still, to make no noise): qui dicta loquive tacereve possit, Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4 (Ann. v. 255 Vahl.); so, tacere ac fabulari, id. ap. Non. 475, 2 (Trag. v. 182 ib.): Ag. Ne obturba ac tace. Mil. Taceo. Ag. Si tacuisses, jam istuc taceo non natum foret, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 49 sq.:

    silete et tacete,

    id. ib. prol. 3; cf. id. Capt. 3, 1, 19:

    taceamne an praedicem,

    Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 54; 5, 2, 60; id. And. 2, 3, 25:

    ea lingulaca est nobis, nam numquam tacet,

    Plaut. Cas. 2, 8, 62:

    ad loquendum atque ad tacendum tute habeas portisculum,

    id. As. 3, 1, 15:

    tacendo loqui videbantur,

    Cic. Sest. 18, 40:

    hic Abdera, non tacente me,

    id. Att. 4, 17, 3 B. and K.:

    nobis tacentibus,

    id. Ac. 2, 32, 101:

    an me taciturum tantis de rebus existimavistis?

    id. Verr. 1, 9, 27:

    taceamus,

    Liv. 40, 9, 5:

    tacere nondum volumus,

    Sid. Ep. 8, 16.— Impers. pass.:

    taceri si vis, vera dicito,

    Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 26:

    ut doceam Rullum posthac in iis saltem tacere rebus, in quibus de se et de suis factis taceri velit,

    Cic. Agr. 3, 2, 4.—
    B.
    Transf., for silere, of animals and things, concr. and abstr., to be still, noiseless, quiet, at rest (mostly poet.):

    canis ipse tacet,

    Tib. 2, 4, 34; cf.:

    vere prius volucres taceant, aestate cicadae,

    Ov. A. A. 1, 271:

    nox erat... Cum tacet omnis ager pecudes pictaeque volucres,

    Verg. A. 4, 525; cf.

    nox,

    Cat. 7, 7:

    nec diu taceat procax locutio,

    id. 61, 126:

    non oculi tacuere tui,

    Ov. Am. 2, 5, 17: plectra dolore tacent;

    muta dolore lyra est,

    id. H. 15, 198:

    tacet stridor litui,

    Sen. Thyest. 575:

    essedo tacente,

    noiseless, Mart. 4, 64, 19:

    Ister tacens,

    i. e. standing still, frozen, id. 7, 84, 3:

    solitudo et tacentes loci,

    hushed, still, Tac. H. 3, 85:

    loca tacentia,

    the under world, the silent land, Verg. A. 6, 265:

    aquae tacentes,

    Prop. 4 (5), 4, 49:

    tacere indolem illam Romanam,

    i. e. did not show itself, had disappeared, Liv. 9, 6, 12:

    blanditiae taceant,

    Ov. Am. 1, 4, 66.—
    II.
    Act., to pass over in silence, be silent respecting a thing (rare but class.):

    et tu hoc taceto,

    Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 64:

    quae vera audivi, taceo et contineo,

    Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 23; Plaut. Ep. 5, 1, 44:

    enuntiabo... quod adhuc semper tacui et tacendum putavi,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 26, 119:

    quid dixit aut quid tacuit?

    Hor. Epod. 5, 49:

    commissa tacere Qui nequit,

    id. S. 1, 4, 84:

    ut alios taceam,

    not to speak of others, Ov. M. 13, 177; so,

    Narcissum,

    Verg. G. 4, 123:

    novercas,

    Sen. Hippol. 558 et saep.:

    tacebimus, quid in ipso homine prosit homini?

    Plin. 28, 1, 1, § 1.— Pass.:

    ignotumst, tacitumst, creditumst,

    Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 28:

    aureus in medio Marte tacetur Amor,

    Ov. Am. 2, 18, 36:

    vir Celtiberis non tacende gentibus,

    Mart. 1, 50, 1. — Hence, subst.: tăcenda, ōrum, n., things not to be uttered: dicenda tacenda locutus, rhêta kai arrêta, things fit and unfit to be spoken, Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 72; cf.:

    gravis est culpa tacenda loqui,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 604.—Hence, tă-cĭtus, a, um, P. a.
    A.
    Pass., that is passed over in silence, not spoken of, kept secret, unmentioned:

    prima duo capita epistulae tuae tacita mihi quodammodo relinquenda sunt,

    Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 2:

    aliquid tacitum tenere,

    id. de Or. 3, 17, 64; cf.:

    quod cum ab antiquis tacitum praetermissumque sit,

    Liv. 6, 12, 3; Verg. A. 6, 841:

    tacitum erit,

    Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 64:

    suspendas potins me, quam tacita tu haec auferas,

    i. e. without my speaking of it, uncontradicted by me, id. As. 4, 2, 7; cf.:

    cetera si reprehenderis, non feres tacitum,

    Cic. Att. 2, 3, 2:

    ne id quidem ab Turno tulisse tacitum ferunt: dixisse enim, etc.,

    Liv. 1, 50, 9; so, too, tacitum ferre. id. 3, 45, 6: non patientibus tacitum tribunis, quod, etc., id. 7, 1, 5:

    tacere nequeo misera, quod tacito usus est,

    silence, Plaut. Cist. 1, 2, 7. —
    2.
    Transf.
    a.
    In jurid. lang., that is done without words, assumed as a matter of course, silent, implied, tacit:

    non omnia scriptis, sed quaedam, quae perspicua sint, tacitis exceptionibus caveri,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 47, 140:

    conventio,

    Dig. 20, 2, 3:

    condicio,

    ib. 23, 3, 68:

    jus,

    ib. 29, 2, 66:

    substitutio,

    ib. 28, 5, 25:

    indutiae,

    Liv. 2, 18; 2, 64; 23, 46:

    fideicommissum,

    Quint. 9, 2, 74.—
    b.
    That is done or exists in silence; silent, secret, hidden, concealed:

    senatus decrevit, ut tacitum judicium ante comitia fierit,

    Cic. Att. 4, 17, 3 Bait.:

    aures ipsae tacito eum (modum) sensu sine arte definiunt,

    id. Or. 60, 203:

    omnes enim tacito quodam sensu sine ullā arte aut ratione quae sint... recta ac prava dijudicant,

    id. de Or. 3, 50, 195:

    ob tacitas cum Marcello offensiones,

    Vell. 2, 93, 2:

    tacitum vivit sub pectore vulnus,

    Verg. A. 4, 67; so,

    affectus,

    Ov. M. 7, 147:

    pudor,

    id. ib. 7, 743:

    ira,

    id. ib. 6, 623:

    dissimulare sperasti, tacitusque meā decedere terrā,

    secretly, unobserved, Verg. A. 4, 306.— Subst.: tăcĭtum, i, n., a secret:

    taciti vulgator,

    Ov. Am. 3, 7, 51. —
    B.
    Act. or neutr., that does not speak, not uttering a sound, silent, still, quiet, noiseless, mute:

    quod boni est, id tacitus taceas tute tecum et gaudeas,

    Plaut. Ep. 5, 1, 44:

    tacitus tace modo,

    id. Poen. 4, 2, 84:

    mulier,

    id. Rud. 4, 4, 70; cf.:

    lacrumans tacitus auscultabat, quae ego loquebar,

    id. Bacch. 4, 9, 59:

    quid exspectas auctoritatem loquentium, quorum voluntatem tacitorum perspicis?

    Cic. Cat. 1, 8, 20; 3, 11, 26:

    vos me jam hoc tacito intellegetis,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 73, § 180:

    quae (patria) tecum tacita loquitur,

    id. Cat. 1, 7, 18: voluntas;

    quae si tacitis nobis intellegi posset, verbis omnino non uteremur,

    id. Caecin. 18, 53; id. Verr. 2, 3, 16, § 41:

    nihil me mutum delectare potest, nihil tacitum,

    id. Cat. 3, 11, 26:

    si quam conjecturam adfert hominibus tacita corporis figura,

    id. Rosc. Com. 7, 20:

    tacita vestra exspectatio,

    id. Clu. 23, 63:

    assensiones nec tacitae nec occultae,

    implied, tacit, id. Mil. 5, 12:

    si mori tacitum oportet, taceamus,

    i. e. without making a defence, Liv. 40, 9, 5:

    contumeliam tacitus tulit,

    id. 35, 19, 1:

    ut forte legentem Aut tacitum impellat,

    i. e. meditating, Hor. S. 1, 3, 65:

    pro sollicitis non tacitus reis,

    eloquent, outspoken, id. C. 4, 1, 14:

    tacitus pasci si posset corvus,

    id. Ep. 1, 17, 50:

    tacitā fistula cum lyrā,

    id. C. 3, 19, 20:

    totum pererrat Luminibus tacitis,

    with silent glances, Verg. A. 4, 364:

    fulmen,

    i. e. without thunder, Luc. 1, 533 et saep.:

    per tacitum nemus ire,

    still, silent, quiet, Verg. A. 6, 386; so,

    unda,

    id. ib. 8, 87:

    caelum,

    id. ib. 3, 515:

    aër,

    Mart. 8, 32, 1:

    domus,

    id. 9, 62, 12:

    limen,

    Verg. A. 7, 343:

    nox,

    Ov. H. 18, 78; id. F. 2, 552.— Subst.: tăcĭtum, i, n., silence:

    septem surgens sedatis amnibus altus Per tacitum Ganges,

    in its silent course, flowing silently, Verg. A. 9, 31; cf.:

    trahitur Gangesque Padusque Per tacitum mundi,

    i. e. through subterranean passages, Luc. 10, 253:

    somnus per tacitum allapsus,

    silently, in silence, Sil. 10, 354:

    erumpunt sub casside fusae Per tacitum lacrimae,

    id. 12, 554; 17, 216.—
    C.
    As proper name: Tă-cĭta, ae, f., = Muta, the goddess of Silence:

    ecce anus in mediis residens annosa puellis Sacra facit Tacitae,

    Ov. F. 2, 572; v. also 2. Tacitus.— Adv.: tăcĭtē, silently, in silence, secretly (class.):

    auscultemus,

    Plaut. As. 3, 2, 42:

    tacite rogare,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 5, 13:

    tacite dat ipsa lex potestatem defendendi,

    id. Mil. 4, 11:

    perire tacite obscureque,

    id. Quint. 15, 50:

    non tulit verecundiam senatus,

    Liv. 5, 28, 1:

    exsecrari praetereuntem,

    id. 2, 58, 8:

    annus labens,

    Ov. F. 1, 65; Just. 15, 2; Plin. Ep. 5, 17, 2; Val. Max. 6, 5, 2.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > taceo

  • 7 tacitum

    tăcĕo, cŭi, cĭtum, 2, v. n. and a. [etym. dub.; perh. root tak-, tvak-, to be or make quiet, content; Sanscr. tucyati, to satisfy; v. Fick, Vergl. Wört. s. v. § 73; 362].
    I.
    Neutr., to be silent, i. e. not to speak, to say nothing, hold one ' s peace (therefore more limited in signif. than silere, to be still, to make no noise): qui dicta loquive tacereve possit, Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4 (Ann. v. 255 Vahl.); so, tacere ac fabulari, id. ap. Non. 475, 2 (Trag. v. 182 ib.): Ag. Ne obturba ac tace. Mil. Taceo. Ag. Si tacuisses, jam istuc taceo non natum foret, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 49 sq.:

    silete et tacete,

    id. ib. prol. 3; cf. id. Capt. 3, 1, 19:

    taceamne an praedicem,

    Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 54; 5, 2, 60; id. And. 2, 3, 25:

    ea lingulaca est nobis, nam numquam tacet,

    Plaut. Cas. 2, 8, 62:

    ad loquendum atque ad tacendum tute habeas portisculum,

    id. As. 3, 1, 15:

    tacendo loqui videbantur,

    Cic. Sest. 18, 40:

    hic Abdera, non tacente me,

    id. Att. 4, 17, 3 B. and K.:

    nobis tacentibus,

    id. Ac. 2, 32, 101:

    an me taciturum tantis de rebus existimavistis?

    id. Verr. 1, 9, 27:

    taceamus,

    Liv. 40, 9, 5:

    tacere nondum volumus,

    Sid. Ep. 8, 16.— Impers. pass.:

    taceri si vis, vera dicito,

    Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 26:

    ut doceam Rullum posthac in iis saltem tacere rebus, in quibus de se et de suis factis taceri velit,

    Cic. Agr. 3, 2, 4.—
    B.
    Transf., for silere, of animals and things, concr. and abstr., to be still, noiseless, quiet, at rest (mostly poet.):

    canis ipse tacet,

    Tib. 2, 4, 34; cf.:

    vere prius volucres taceant, aestate cicadae,

    Ov. A. A. 1, 271:

    nox erat... Cum tacet omnis ager pecudes pictaeque volucres,

    Verg. A. 4, 525; cf.

    nox,

    Cat. 7, 7:

    nec diu taceat procax locutio,

    id. 61, 126:

    non oculi tacuere tui,

    Ov. Am. 2, 5, 17: plectra dolore tacent;

    muta dolore lyra est,

    id. H. 15, 198:

    tacet stridor litui,

    Sen. Thyest. 575:

    essedo tacente,

    noiseless, Mart. 4, 64, 19:

    Ister tacens,

    i. e. standing still, frozen, id. 7, 84, 3:

    solitudo et tacentes loci,

    hushed, still, Tac. H. 3, 85:

    loca tacentia,

    the under world, the silent land, Verg. A. 6, 265:

    aquae tacentes,

    Prop. 4 (5), 4, 49:

    tacere indolem illam Romanam,

    i. e. did not show itself, had disappeared, Liv. 9, 6, 12:

    blanditiae taceant,

    Ov. Am. 1, 4, 66.—
    II.
    Act., to pass over in silence, be silent respecting a thing (rare but class.):

    et tu hoc taceto,

    Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 64:

    quae vera audivi, taceo et contineo,

    Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 23; Plaut. Ep. 5, 1, 44:

    enuntiabo... quod adhuc semper tacui et tacendum putavi,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 26, 119:

    quid dixit aut quid tacuit?

    Hor. Epod. 5, 49:

    commissa tacere Qui nequit,

    id. S. 1, 4, 84:

    ut alios taceam,

    not to speak of others, Ov. M. 13, 177; so,

    Narcissum,

    Verg. G. 4, 123:

    novercas,

    Sen. Hippol. 558 et saep.:

    tacebimus, quid in ipso homine prosit homini?

    Plin. 28, 1, 1, § 1.— Pass.:

    ignotumst, tacitumst, creditumst,

    Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 28:

    aureus in medio Marte tacetur Amor,

    Ov. Am. 2, 18, 36:

    vir Celtiberis non tacende gentibus,

    Mart. 1, 50, 1. — Hence, subst.: tăcenda, ōrum, n., things not to be uttered: dicenda tacenda locutus, rhêta kai arrêta, things fit and unfit to be spoken, Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 72; cf.:

    gravis est culpa tacenda loqui,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 604.—Hence, tă-cĭtus, a, um, P. a.
    A.
    Pass., that is passed over in silence, not spoken of, kept secret, unmentioned:

    prima duo capita epistulae tuae tacita mihi quodammodo relinquenda sunt,

    Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 2:

    aliquid tacitum tenere,

    id. de Or. 3, 17, 64; cf.:

    quod cum ab antiquis tacitum praetermissumque sit,

    Liv. 6, 12, 3; Verg. A. 6, 841:

    tacitum erit,

    Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 64:

    suspendas potins me, quam tacita tu haec auferas,

    i. e. without my speaking of it, uncontradicted by me, id. As. 4, 2, 7; cf.:

    cetera si reprehenderis, non feres tacitum,

    Cic. Att. 2, 3, 2:

    ne id quidem ab Turno tulisse tacitum ferunt: dixisse enim, etc.,

    Liv. 1, 50, 9; so, too, tacitum ferre. id. 3, 45, 6: non patientibus tacitum tribunis, quod, etc., id. 7, 1, 5:

    tacere nequeo misera, quod tacito usus est,

    silence, Plaut. Cist. 1, 2, 7. —
    2.
    Transf.
    a.
    In jurid. lang., that is done without words, assumed as a matter of course, silent, implied, tacit:

    non omnia scriptis, sed quaedam, quae perspicua sint, tacitis exceptionibus caveri,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 47, 140:

    conventio,

    Dig. 20, 2, 3:

    condicio,

    ib. 23, 3, 68:

    jus,

    ib. 29, 2, 66:

    substitutio,

    ib. 28, 5, 25:

    indutiae,

    Liv. 2, 18; 2, 64; 23, 46:

    fideicommissum,

    Quint. 9, 2, 74.—
    b.
    That is done or exists in silence; silent, secret, hidden, concealed:

    senatus decrevit, ut tacitum judicium ante comitia fierit,

    Cic. Att. 4, 17, 3 Bait.:

    aures ipsae tacito eum (modum) sensu sine arte definiunt,

    id. Or. 60, 203:

    omnes enim tacito quodam sensu sine ullā arte aut ratione quae sint... recta ac prava dijudicant,

    id. de Or. 3, 50, 195:

    ob tacitas cum Marcello offensiones,

    Vell. 2, 93, 2:

    tacitum vivit sub pectore vulnus,

    Verg. A. 4, 67; so,

    affectus,

    Ov. M. 7, 147:

    pudor,

    id. ib. 7, 743:

    ira,

    id. ib. 6, 623:

    dissimulare sperasti, tacitusque meā decedere terrā,

    secretly, unobserved, Verg. A. 4, 306.— Subst.: tăcĭtum, i, n., a secret:

    taciti vulgator,

    Ov. Am. 3, 7, 51. —
    B.
    Act. or neutr., that does not speak, not uttering a sound, silent, still, quiet, noiseless, mute:

    quod boni est, id tacitus taceas tute tecum et gaudeas,

    Plaut. Ep. 5, 1, 44:

    tacitus tace modo,

    id. Poen. 4, 2, 84:

    mulier,

    id. Rud. 4, 4, 70; cf.:

    lacrumans tacitus auscultabat, quae ego loquebar,

    id. Bacch. 4, 9, 59:

    quid exspectas auctoritatem loquentium, quorum voluntatem tacitorum perspicis?

    Cic. Cat. 1, 8, 20; 3, 11, 26:

    vos me jam hoc tacito intellegetis,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 73, § 180:

    quae (patria) tecum tacita loquitur,

    id. Cat. 1, 7, 18: voluntas;

    quae si tacitis nobis intellegi posset, verbis omnino non uteremur,

    id. Caecin. 18, 53; id. Verr. 2, 3, 16, § 41:

    nihil me mutum delectare potest, nihil tacitum,

    id. Cat. 3, 11, 26:

    si quam conjecturam adfert hominibus tacita corporis figura,

    id. Rosc. Com. 7, 20:

    tacita vestra exspectatio,

    id. Clu. 23, 63:

    assensiones nec tacitae nec occultae,

    implied, tacit, id. Mil. 5, 12:

    si mori tacitum oportet, taceamus,

    i. e. without making a defence, Liv. 40, 9, 5:

    contumeliam tacitus tulit,

    id. 35, 19, 1:

    ut forte legentem Aut tacitum impellat,

    i. e. meditating, Hor. S. 1, 3, 65:

    pro sollicitis non tacitus reis,

    eloquent, outspoken, id. C. 4, 1, 14:

    tacitus pasci si posset corvus,

    id. Ep. 1, 17, 50:

    tacitā fistula cum lyrā,

    id. C. 3, 19, 20:

    totum pererrat Luminibus tacitis,

    with silent glances, Verg. A. 4, 364:

    fulmen,

    i. e. without thunder, Luc. 1, 533 et saep.:

    per tacitum nemus ire,

    still, silent, quiet, Verg. A. 6, 386; so,

    unda,

    id. ib. 8, 87:

    caelum,

    id. ib. 3, 515:

    aër,

    Mart. 8, 32, 1:

    domus,

    id. 9, 62, 12:

    limen,

    Verg. A. 7, 343:

    nox,

    Ov. H. 18, 78; id. F. 2, 552.— Subst.: tăcĭtum, i, n., silence:

    septem surgens sedatis amnibus altus Per tacitum Ganges,

    in its silent course, flowing silently, Verg. A. 9, 31; cf.:

    trahitur Gangesque Padusque Per tacitum mundi,

    i. e. through subterranean passages, Luc. 10, 253:

    somnus per tacitum allapsus,

    silently, in silence, Sil. 10, 354:

    erumpunt sub casside fusae Per tacitum lacrimae,

    id. 12, 554; 17, 216.—
    C.
    As proper name: Tă-cĭta, ae, f., = Muta, the goddess of Silence:

    ecce anus in mediis residens annosa puellis Sacra facit Tacitae,

    Ov. F. 2, 572; v. also 2. Tacitus.— Adv.: tăcĭtē, silently, in silence, secretly (class.):

    auscultemus,

    Plaut. As. 3, 2, 42:

    tacite rogare,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 5, 13:

    tacite dat ipsa lex potestatem defendendi,

    id. Mil. 4, 11:

    perire tacite obscureque,

    id. Quint. 15, 50:

    non tulit verecundiam senatus,

    Liv. 5, 28, 1:

    exsecrari praetereuntem,

    id. 2, 58, 8:

    annus labens,

    Ov. F. 1, 65; Just. 15, 2; Plin. Ep. 5, 17, 2; Val. Max. 6, 5, 2.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > tacitum

  • 8 interfor

    inter-for, fātus sum, fārī depon.
    перебивать (aliquem L, PJ)

    Латинско-русский словарь > interfor

  • 9 suspendo

    sus-pendo, pendī, pēnsum, ere, aufhängen, I) eig.: a) übh.: nidum tigno, Verg.: oscilla ex pinu, Verg.: columbam malo ab alto, Verg.: alqd collo od. e collo od. in collo, Plin.: funiculum de clavo parieti affixo, Amm.: alqm arbori infelici reste, Liv., u. bl. alqm arbori infelici, Cic. u. Liv.: alqm in oleastro, Cic.: se laqueo, Augustin.: u. so ille suspenditur laqueo, Firm.: se de ficu, Cic.: bl. se, sich hängen, -erhängen, Cic.: poet., suspendit pictā vultum mentemque tabellā, heftete (richtete) seinen Blick und seinen Geist auf ein Gemälde, Hor. – Partiz. suspēnsus, a, um, gehängt, hangend, Liv. u. Cels.: suspensus tabulam lacerto, eine Tafel am Arme hängen habend, Hor.: bildl., cum admodum tenui filo suspensa rei publicae salus ex sociorum fide pendēret, Val. Max. – b) insbes., aufhängen, einem Gotte zu Ehren im Tempel etwas Gelobtes, weihen, heiligen, arma Quirino, Verg.: vestimenta deo maris, Hor. – II) übtr.: A) machen, daß etw. hoch ist, in die Höhe bringen, erheben, hoch machen, tectum turris, Caes.: castra saxis praeruptis, auf hohen Felsen aufschlagen, Sil.: nemora, auf den Dächern der Häuser anlegen, Sen.: tellurem sulco tenui, flach pflügen, auflockern, Verg.: campus subeunte stagno suspensus, brüchig, Mela. – B) machen, daß etw. gleichs. hängt od. schwebt, in der Schwebe halten, schweben lassen, 1) eig.: a) übh.: suspendi lectus debet et moveri, Cels.: Iunonem Olympo, an dem Himmel befestigen, schweben lassen, Val. Flacc. – gressum, leise auftreten, Veget. mul.: tenui et molli incessu suspendere gradum, Sen.: pedem summis digitis, auf den Zehen gehen, auf die Zehen treten, Quint.: suspenso gradu ire, auf den Zehen gehen, Ter.: so auch suspenso pede evagari, Phaedr., u. ferre suspensos gradus, Ov.: dentes, nicht sehr zubeißen, Lucr.: Seianus genu vultuque et manibus super Caesarem suspensus, in schwebender Stellung, mit Knie, Gesicht u. Armen sich über den Kaiser hinbeugend, Tac. ann. 4, 59. Vgl. suspensus no. I, b. – b) insbes., ein Gebäude schwebend bauen, so daß es auf einem Schwibbogen od. Gewölbe ruht, balneola, Cic. Hortens. fr. 69 Kays. (bei Non. 194, 13). – 2) übtr.: a) stützen, terram columnis, Plin.: tignis contignationem, hinaufschrauben, Caes.: dolia subiectis lapidibus, darüberstürzen, Colum.: murum furculis, Liv.: ita aedificatum, ut suspendi non posset, ohne Unterstützung feststehen, Cic. – b) locker halten, lupinum solidiores glebas sustinet et suspendit, Colum. 2, 15 (16), 6. – c) locker setzen, vineam in summa terra, Colum. 3, 13, 8. – 3) bildl.: a) einhalten, hemmen, unterbrechen, aufheben, beseitigen, spiritum, Quint.: fletum, Ov.: dolore per intervalla suspenso, Ps. Quint. decl.: causas morbi, Veget.: fluxiones oculorum, Plin.: pronuntiationis terminum ita, ut etc., Diom.: dah. aura suspensa levisque, gelinde, sanft, ruhig, Lucr. – b) unentschieden lassen, medio responso rem, Liv. 39, 29, 1. – c) in Ungewißheit setzen, -lassen, iudicum animos, Quint.: animos fictā gravitate, Ov.: alqm exspectatione, Plin. ep.

    lateinisch-deutsches > suspendo

  • 10 taceo

    taceo, tacuī, tacitum, ēre ( gotisch taceoahan, ahd. dagēn), I) intr. schweigen, A) eig. = nicht reden, wenn man reden könnte od. sollte (Ggstz. loqui, dicere, fari), Ter., Cic. u.a.: quin taces? Ter.: etiam taces? willst du gleich schw.? Plaut.: an me taciturum tantis de rebus existimasti? Cic. – impers., iam inde tacebatur, Lampr.: tacitum est, Ter.: taceri si vis, Ter. – B) übtr. = silere, schweigen = still sein, sich ruhig verhalten, nicht laut werden, canis ipse tacet, Tibull.: vere prius volucres taceant, aestate cicadae, Ov. – v. lebl. Subj., tacet omnis ager (bei der Nacht), Verg.: plectra dolore tacent, Ov.: oculi tacuere tui, Ov.: bildl., blanditiae taceant, Ov.: tacere indolem Romanam, zeige sich nicht mehr, Liv. – Partiz. tacēns, schweigend = still, lautlos, loca, von der Unterwelt, Verg.: tacentes loci, Gemächer, Tac.: ventus, Sen. poët.: Ister, gefroren, still, nicht rauschend, Mart.: aqua, Prop. – II) tr. etw. verschweigen, von etw. schweigen, quod adhuc semper tacui et tacendum putavi, Cic.: ut alios taceam, von anderen schweige, Ov.: Narcissum, Verg. – Passiv, aureus in medio Marte tacetur Amor, Ov.: tacebantur secreta bellorum, Lampr.: tacenda loqui, Ov.: dicenda tacenda locutus (griech. ῥητὰ καὶ ἄῤῥητα), der Mitteilung Würdiges und Unwürdiges, Hor.: vir Celtiberis non tacende gentibus, Mart.: quoquo pacto tacito est opus, muß es verschwiegen bleiben, Ter.: ebenso tacere nequeo misera quod tacito usus est, was verschwiegen bleiben muß, Plaut.

    lateinisch-deutsches > taceo

  • 11 suspendo

    sus-pendo, pendī, pēnsum, ere, aufhängen, I) eig.: a) übh.: nidum tigno, Verg.: oscilla ex pinu, Verg.: columbam malo ab alto, Verg.: alqd collo od. e collo od. in collo, Plin.: funiculum de clavo parieti affixo, Amm.: alqm arbori infelici reste, Liv., u. bl. alqm arbori infelici, Cic. u. Liv.: alqm in oleastro, Cic.: se laqueo, Augustin.: u. so ille suspenditur laqueo, Firm.: se de ficu, Cic.: bl. se, sich hängen, -erhängen, Cic.: poet., suspendit pictā vultum mentemque tabellā, heftete (richtete) seinen Blick und seinen Geist auf ein Gemälde, Hor. – Partiz. suspēnsus, a, um, gehängt, hangend, Liv. u. Cels.: suspensus tabulam lacerto, eine Tafel am Arme hängen habend, Hor.: bildl., cum admodum tenui filo suspensa rei publicae salus ex sociorum fide pendēret, Val. Max. – b) insbes., aufhängen, einem Gotte zu Ehren im Tempel etwas Gelobtes, weihen, heiligen, arma Quirino, Verg.: vestimenta deo maris, Hor. – II) übtr.: A) machen, daß etw. hoch ist, in die Höhe bringen, erheben, hoch machen, tectum turris, Caes.: castra saxis praeruptis, auf hohen Felsen aufschlagen, Sil.: nemora, auf den Dächern der Häuser anlegen, Sen.: tellurem sulco tenui, flach pflügen, auflockern, Verg.: campus subeunte stagno suspensus, brüchig, Mela. – B) machen, daß etw. gleichs. hängt od. schwebt, in der Schwebe halten, schweben lassen, 1) eig.: a) übh.: suspendi
    ————
    lectus debet et moveri, Cels.: Iunonem Olympo, an dem Himmel befestigen, schweben lassen, Val. Flacc. – gressum, leise auftreten, Veget. mul.: tenui et molli incessu suspendere gradum, Sen.: pedem summis digitis, auf den Zehen gehen, auf die Zehen treten, Quint.: suspenso gradu ire, auf den Zehen gehen, Ter.: so auch suspenso pede evagari, Phaedr., u. ferre suspensos gradus, Ov.: dentes, nicht sehr zubeißen, Lucr.: Seianus genu vultuque et manibus super Caesarem suspensus, in schwebender Stellung, mit Knie, Gesicht u. Armen sich über den Kaiser hinbeugend, Tac. ann. 4, 59. Vgl. suspensus no. I, b. – b) insbes., ein Gebäude schwebend bauen, so daß es auf einem Schwibbogen od. Gewölbe ruht, balneola, Cic. Hortens. fr. 69 Kays. (bei Non. 194, 13). – 2) übtr.: a) stützen, terram columnis, Plin.: tignis contignationem, hinaufschrauben, Caes.: dolia subiectis lapidibus, darüberstürzen, Colum.: murum furculis, Liv.: ita aedificatum, ut suspendi non posset, ohne Unterstützung feststehen, Cic. – b) locker halten, lupinum solidiores glebas sustinet et suspendit, Colum. 2, 15 (16), 6. – c) locker setzen, vineam in summa terra, Colum. 3, 13, 8. – 3) bildl.: a) einhalten, hemmen, unterbrechen, aufheben, beseitigen, spiritum, Quint.: fletum, Ov.: dolore per intervalla suspenso, Ps. Quint. decl.: causas morbi, Veget.: fluxiones oculorum, Plin.: pronuntiationis terminum ita,
    ————
    ut etc., Diom.: dah. aura suspensa levisque, gelinde, sanft, ruhig, Lucr. – b) unentschieden lassen, medio responso rem, Liv. 39, 29, 1. – c) in Ungewißheit setzen, -lassen, iudicum animos, Quint.: animos fictā gravitate, Ov.: alqm exspectatione, Plin. ep.

    Ausführliches Lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch > suspendo

  • 12 taceo

    taceo, tacuī, tacitum, ēre ( gotisch ahan, ahd. dagēn), I) intr. schweigen, A) eig. = nicht reden, wenn man reden könnte od. sollte (Ggstz. loqui, dicere, fari), Ter., Cic. u.a.: quin taces? Ter.: etiam taces? willst du gleich schw.? Plaut.: an me taciturum tantis de rebus existimasti? Cic. – impers., iam inde tacebatur, Lampr.: tacitum est, Ter.: taceri si vis, Ter. – B) übtr. = silere, schweigen = still sein, sich ruhig verhalten, nicht laut werden, canis ipse tacet, Tibull.: vere prius volucres taceant, aestate cicadae, Ov. – v. lebl. Subj., tacet omnis ager (bei der Nacht), Verg.: plectra dolore tacent, Ov.: oculi tacuere tui, Ov.: bildl., blanditiae taceant, Ov.: tacere indolem Romanam, zeige sich nicht mehr, Liv. – Partiz. tacēns, schweigend = still, lautlos, loca, von der Unterwelt, Verg.: tacentes loci, Gemächer, Tac.: ventus, Sen. poët.: Ister, gefroren, still, nicht rauschend, Mart.: aqua, Prop. – II) tr. etw. verschweigen, von etw. schweigen, quod adhuc semper tacui et tacendum putavi, Cic.: ut alios taceam, von anderen schweige, Ov.: Narcissum, Verg. – Passiv, aureus in medio Marte tacetur Amor, Ov.: tacebantur secreta bellorum, Lampr.: tacenda loqui, Ov.: dicenda tacenda locutus (griech. ῥητὰ καὶ ἄῤῥητα), der Mitteilung Würdiges und Unwürdiges, Hor.: vir Celtiberis non tacende gentibus, Mart.: quoquo pacto tacito est opus,
    ————
    muß es verschwiegen bleiben, Ter.: ebenso tacere nequeo misera quod tacito usus est, was verschwiegen bleiben muß, Plaut.

    Ausführliches Lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch > taceo

  • 13 taceō

        taceō cuī, citus, ēre    [TAC-], to be silent, not speak, say nothing, hold one's peace: praedicemne an taceam? T.: tacendo loqui videbantur: nobis tacentibus: taceamus, L.: in iis rebus, in quibus, etc.: Vere prius volucres taceant, aestate cicadae, O.: Cum tacet omnis ager, V.: Plectra dolore tacent, O.: loca tacentia, the silent land, V.— To pass over in silence, keep quiet, leave unsaid, not speak: Quae vera audivi, taceo, T.: multa: quid tacuit? H.: Ut alios taceam, not to speak of others, O.: Ignotumst, tacitumst, creditumst, T.: in medio Marte tacetur Amor, O.: quoquo pacto tacitost opus, it must be kept quiet, T.
    * * *
    tacere, tacui, tacitus V
    be silent; pass over in silence; leave unmentioned, be silent about something

    Latin-English dictionary > taceō

  • 14 orecchio

    m (pl -cchi) ear
    * * *
    orecchio pl.m. orecchi; pl.f. orecchie s.m.
    1 ear: (anat.) orecchio esterno, medio, interno, outer, middle, inner ear; dolore, mal d'orecchio, earache; essere sordo, non sentirci da un orecchio, to be deaf in one ear; essere duro d'orecchio, to be hard of hearing; ha le orecchie a sventola, his ears stick out; mi ronzano gli orecchi, my ears are tingling (o buzzing); dire qlco. all'orecchio di qlcu., to say sthg. (o to have a word) in s.o.'s ear; dimmelo in un orecchio, whisper it in my ear; portare il cappello sull'orecchio, to wear one's hat over one ear (o on one side); mi sono fatta il buco alle orecchie, I had my ears pierced; lo prese per un orecchio, he took him by the ear; ho ancora nelle orecchie quelle grida, I can still hear those shouts (ringing in my ears); l'ho sentito con le mie stesse orecchie, I heard it with my own ears; turarsi le orecchie, to stop one's ears // mi fischiano gli orecchi: qualcuno parla di me, my ears are tingling (o my ears are burning): someone must be talking about me // tendere, allungare le orecchie, to prick up one's ears (anche fig.); il cane si fermò e tese le orecchie, the dog stopped and cocked its ears // avere le orecchie lunghe, (fig.) to keep one's ears open // ti tiro le orecchie!, ( ti sgrido) I'll give you a ticking off; se non torni a casa presto, ti darò una tirata di orecchie, (fam. scherz.) if you're not home early, you'll hear all about it // a portata di orecchio, within earshot // abbassare le orecchie, (fig.) to be crestfallen // avere orecchio per la musica, (fig.) to have an ear for music; non avere orecchio ( musicale), to have a tin ear // suonare, cantare a orecchio, to play, to sing by ear // dare, prestare orecchio a qlco., to give ear (o to lend an ear) to sthg. // entrare da un orecchio e uscire dall'altro, to go in one ear and out the other // è inutile chiedergli un prestito, da quest'orecchio non ci sente, (fig.) it's useless asking him for a loan; he's deaf as far as that subject is concerned // essere tutto orecchi, to be all ears // fare orecchi da mercante, to turn a deaf ear (o to pretend not to hear) // avere gli orecchi foderati di prosciutto, to be blinkered // giungere all'orecchio, (fig.) to come to the ear // lacerare gli orecchi, to deafen // mettere una pulce nell'orecchio a qlcu., to drop s.o. a hint // i muri hanno orecchie, (prov.) the walls have ears // chi ha orecchie per intendere, intenda, (prov.) he that has (o hath) ear to hear, let him hear
    * * *
    pl. - chi, pl.f. - chie [o'rekkjo, ki, kje] sostantivo maschile
    1) ear

    da quell'orecchio non ci sente — that's his deaf ear; fig. he won't listen

    dire, bisbigliare qcs. nell'orecchio a qcn. — to say, to whisper sth. in sb.'s ear

    ha le -chie a sventola — his ears stick out, he's flap-eared

    2) fig.

    tendere l'orecchio — to cock an ear, to keep an ear cocked, to strain one's ears

    giungere all'orecchio di qcn. — to come to o reach sb.'s ears

    porgere o prestare orecchio a qcn. to give o lend an ear to sb., to give o lend sb. a hearing; drizzare le -chie to prick (up) one's ears; non credo alle mie -chie! I can't believe my ears! tenere le -chie bene aperte to keep one's ears open, to pin one's ears back; apri bene le -chie! — pin your ears back! listen carefully!

    avere orecchio — mus. to have a musical ear

    non avere orecchio — mus. to have a tin ear, to be tone-deaf

    a orecchio — [suonare, cantare] by ear

    ••

    mettere la pulce nell'orecchio a qcn. — to set sb. thinking

    essere musica per le -chie di qcn. — to be music to sb.'s ears

    tirare gli -chi, dare una tirata d'-chi a qcn. — to slap sb. on the wrist, to tell sb. off

    con le -chie basse — [andarsene, stare] crestfallen

    attaccarsi qcs. all'orecchio — not to forget sth

    * * *
    orecchio
    pl. - chi, pl.f. - chie /o'rekkjo, ki, kje/ ⇒ 4
    sostantivo m.
     1 ear; essere sordo da un orecchio to be deaf in one ear; da quell'orecchio non ci sente that's his deaf ear; fig. he won't listen; avere mal d'-chi to have (an) earache; dire, bisbigliare qcs. nell'orecchio a qcn. to say, to whisper sth. in sb.'s ear; ha le -chie a sventola his ears stick out, he's flap-eared; i muri hanno -chi walls have ears
     2 fig. tendere l'orecchio to cock an ear, to keep an ear cocked, to strain one's ears; giungere all'orecchio di qcn. to come to o reach sb.'s ears; porgere o prestare orecchio a qcn. to give o lend an ear to sb., to give o lend sb. a hearing; drizzare le -chie to prick (up) one's ears; non credo alle mie -chie! I can't believe my ears! tenere le -chie bene aperte to keep one's ears open, to pin one's ears back; apri bene le -chie! pin your ears back! listen carefully!
     3 (udito) avere un orecchio fino to have good ears; duro d'-chi hard of hearing; avere orecchio mus. to have a musical ear; non avere orecchio mus. to have a tin ear, to be tone-deaf; a orecchio [suonare, cantare] by ear
    mettere la pulce nell'orecchio a qcn. to set sb. thinking; fare -chie da mercante to turn a deaf ear; essere tutt'-chi to be all ears; essere musica per le -chie di qcn. to be music to sb.'s ears; entrare da un orecchio e uscire dall'altro to go in one ear and out the other; tirare gli -chi, dare una tirata d'-chi a qcn. to slap sb. on the wrist, to tell sb. off; hai le -chie foderate di prosciutto? are you deaf or what? con le -chie basse [andarsene, stare] crestfallen; attaccarsi qcs. all'orecchio not to forget sth.

    Dizionario Italiano-Inglese > orecchio

  • 15 stand

    I [stænd]
    1) (piece of furniture) (for coats, hats) appendiabiti m., attaccapanni m.; (for plant) portavasi m.; (for sheet music) leggio m.
    2) (stall) (on market) bancarella f.; (kiosk) chiosco m.; (at exhibition, trade fair) stand m., padiglione m.
    3) sport (in stadium) tribuna f., stand m.
    4) dir. (witness box) banco m. dei testimoni

    to take o make a stand on sth. — prendere posizione su qcs

    II 1. [stænd]
    verbo transitivo (pass., p.pass. stood)
    1) (place) mettere in piedi, fare stare in piedi [ person]; mettere dritto [ object]

    I can't stand liars — non posso soffrire o non sopporto i bugiardi

    he can't stand to do o doing non sopporta di fare; she won't stand any nonsense non ammetterà sciocchezze; it won't stand close scrutiny — non reggerà a un esame attento

    3) colloq. (pay for)

    to stand sb. sth. — pagare qcs. a qcn

    4) dir.

    to stand to lose sth. — rischiare di perdere qcs.

    2.
    verbo intransitivo (pass., p.pass. stood)
    1) (anche stand up) alzarsi
    2) (be upright) [ person] stare in piedi; [ object] essere in piedi, essere dritto

    don't just stand there, do something! — non stare lì impalato, fai qualcosa!

    3) (be positioned) [building etc.] essere situato, trovarsi; (clearly delineated) stagliarsi

    to stand on — calpestare [ insect]; pestare [ foot]

    5) (be)

    to stand empty — [ house] restare vuoto

    I want to know where I stand — fig. vorrei sapere come sono messe le cose per me

    to stand in sb.'s way — bloccare il passaggio a qcn.; fig. ostacolare qcn

    6) (remain valid) [ offer] rimanere valida; [agreement, statement] valere
    9) (be a candidate) candidarsi ( for a)
    10) (not move) [ water] stagnare; [ mixture] riposare
    •
    ••

    to leave sb. standing — [ athlete] infliggere un notevole distacco a; [student, company] superare

    * * *
    [stænd] 1. past tense, past participle - stood; verb
    1) (to be in an upright position, not sitting or lying: His leg was so painful that he could hardly stand; After the storm, few trees were left standing.) (stare in piedi)
    2) ((often with up) to rise to the feet: He pushed back his chair and stood up; Some people like to stand (up) when the National Anthem is played.) (stare in piedi), (alzarsi in piedi)
    3) (to remain motionless: The train stood for an hour outside Newcastle.) restare
    4) (to remain unchanged: This law still stands.) (essere valido)
    5) (to be in or have a particular place: There is now a factory where our house once stood.) trovarsi
    6) (to be in a particular state, condition or situation: As matters stand, we can do nothing to help; How do you stand financially?) trovarsi, essere, stare
    7) (to accept or offer oneself for a particular position etc: He is standing as Parliamentary candidate for our district.) candidarsi
    8) (to put in a particular position, especially upright: He picked up the fallen chair and stood it beside the table.) mettere
    9) (to undergo or endure: He will stand (his) trial for murder; I can't stand her rudeness any longer.) sopportare
    10) (to pay for (a meal etc) for (a person): Let me stand you a drink!) offrire
    2. noun
    1) (a position or place in which to stand ready to fight etc, or an act of fighting etc: The guard took up his stand at the gate; I shall make a stand for what I believe is right.) posto, posizione
    2) (an object, especially a piece of furniture, for holding or supporting something: a coat-stand; The sculpture had been removed from its stand for cleaning.) stand, supporto
    3) (a stall where goods are displayed for sale or advertisement.) bancarella
    4) (a large structure beside a football pitch, race course etc with rows of seats for spectators: The stand was crowded.) tribuna
    5) ((American) a witness box in a law court.) (banco dei testimoni)
    •
    - standing 3. noun
    1) (time of lasting: an agreement of long standing.) durata
    2) (rank or reputation: a diplomat of high standing.) posizione, condizione
    •
    4. adjective
    ((of an airline passenger or ticket) costing or paying less than the usual fare, as the passenger does not book a seat for a particular flight, but waits for the first available seat.) (in lista di attesa)
    5. adverb
    (travelling in this way: It costs a lot less to travel stand-by.) (in lista di attesa)
    - standing-room
    - make someone's hair stand on end
    - stand aside
    - stand back
    - stand by
    - stand down
    - stand fast/firm
    - stand for
    - stand in
    - stand on one's own two feet
    - stand on one's own feet
    - stand out
    - stand over
    - stand up for
    - stand up to
    * * *
    stand /stænd/
    A n.
    1 arresto; fermata; pausa; sosta: Our work was brought to a stand, il nostro lavoro ha subito una battuta d'arresto
    2 resistenza; decisa opposizione: to make a stand against sb., opporre resistenza a q.
    3 posto; posizione ( anche fig.); presa di posizione: He took his stand at the rear, prese posto in coda (s'accodò); to make a stand for justice, prendere posizione per una causa giusta; schierarsi dalla parte della giustizia; to take a stand, prendere posizione (o partito); puntare i piedi; What's your stand on the issue?, qual è la tua posizione in merito alla faccenda?
    4 posteggio, stazionamento ( per carrozze o taxi)
    5 palco; impalcatura; tavolato; stand; podio; ( sport, ecc.; spesso al pl.) tribuna ( d'ippodromo, stadio, ecc.): DIALOGO → - Discussing football- My seat's down the front of the west stand just to the right of the halfway line, il mio posto è nelle prime file in basso della tribuna ovest, appena a destra della linea di metà campo; pubblico delle tribune: (mil.) a reviewing stand, una tribuna per passare in rivista truppe, ecc.
    6 (comm.) banco d'esposizione; stand: stand designer, disegnatore di stand; standista
    7 (mecc.) cavalletto; sostegno; supporto
    8 (market.) chiosco; edicola; bancarella: a fruit stand, una bancarella di fruttivendolo; a news-stand, una edicola di giornalaio; display stand, banco di mostra; espositore
    9 mobile (o oggetto) fatto per posarvi (o mettervi dentro) qc. ( per lo più in parole composte); supporto; sostegno; piedistallo; (mus.) leggio
    10 (ecol.) stazione
    11 (naut.) livello medio di marea; ( anche) stanca: high water stand, stanca d'alta marea; low water stand, stanca di bassa marea
    12 (leg., USA) banco dei testimoni: to take the stand, presentarsi al banco dei testimoni; testimoniare
    13 bosco; boschetto: a stand of pines, una pineta
    14 (agric.) distesa; coltivazione; area coltivata: a good stand of wheat, una bella distesa di grano
    15 (teatr.) esecuzione; rappresentazione; recita; spettacolo: one-night stand, rappresentazione unica, serata unica; (fig. fam.) avventura sessuale di una sola notte
    16 (mil.) dotazione ( di armi); armamento personale
    17 ( caccia) ferma ( del cane); postazione ( del cacciatore)
    18 (volg.) erezione
    B a. attr.
    (comm.) di stand; standistico: stand space, superficie standistica
    ● (comm.) stand attendant, standista ( impiegato) □ stand camera, macchina fotografica su cavalletto □ (mil.) stand of colours, bandiere del reggimento □ stand rest, sgabello per pittori □ to take one's stand, alzarsi in piedi □ three-legged stand, treppiede.
    ♦ (to) stand /stænd/
    (pass. e p. p. stood)
    A v. i.
    1 stare in piedi; star ritto; reggersi (o tenersi) in piedi: I had to stand during the whole trip, dovetti stare in piedi per tutto il viaggio; DIALOGO → - Accident and Emergency- Can you stand?, riesci a stare in piedi?
    2 ( di solito to stand up) alzarsi; rizzarsi; alzarsi in piedi: Everyone stood (up) when the headmaster came in, tutti si sono alzati quando è entrato il preside; Stand up, please, alzatevi, prego!; per favore, in piedi!
    3 stare; essere; farsi; trovarsi; essere messo (fam.): The benches stood by the wall, le panche stavano presso il (o erano addossate al) muro; How do we stand as regards money?, come stiamo a quattrini?; That player stands five feet four, quel giocatore è (alto) cinque piedi e quattro pollici; John stands first on the list, John è il primo in elenco; Don't stand there fiddling, non star lì a gingillarti!
    4 durare; resistere; rimanere in piedi (fig.); essere (ancora) valido: The castle has been standing for six centuries, il castello resiste (o è in piedi) da sei secoli; His record stood for twenty years, il suo record ha resistito per vent'anni; My offer still stands, la mia offerta è ancora valida
    5 avere buone probabilità (di): We stand to lose a lot of money on the deal, rischiamo di perdere molti soldi in questo affare
    6 ( di un colore) essere solido: This colour will stand, questo colore è solido (o indelebile)
    7 ( di liquido) ristagnare; posare, stare in infusione; depositarsi: Let it stand for five minutes, lascialo posare per cinque minuti
    8 (polit.) candidarsi; entrare in lizza (fig.): to stand as an independent, candidarsi come indipendente
    9 (spec. USA) fermarsi; sostare: A taxi was standing at the rank, c'era un taxi fermo al posteggio; Don't stand on the tracks, vietato sostare sui binari
    B v. t.
    1 mettere ( in piedi, ritto); collocare; appoggiare: I stood the bicycle against the wall, appoggiai la bici contro il muro
    2 sopportare; soffrire; resistere a; tollerare: I cannot stand the pain, non riesco a sopportare il dolore; I cannot stand that man ( o the sight of that man), non posso soffrire quell'uomo; I won't stand any rude behaviour in class!, non tollero comportamenti scorretti in classe!; My nerves could not stand the strain, i miei nervi non hanno resistito alla tensione
    3 sostenere; subire (mil.) to stand a siege, sostenere un assedio; to stand trial, subire un processo
    4 (fam.) sostenere la spesa di ( un pranzo, ecc.); offrire; to stand a round, pagare da bere a tutti
    6 avere (buone) probabilità di: You stand a good chance of winning, hai buone probabilità di vincere
    ● to stand alone, essere solo, essere senza amici; essere unico, essere senza pari □ to stand aloof (o to stand apart), tenersi da parte, stare in disparte, non immischiarsi □ (mil.) to stand and fight, attestarsi e accettare il combattimento □ (leg.) to stand convicted of an offence, essere riconosciuto colpevole di un reato □ to stand corrected, accettare una correzione; riconoscere il proprio errore □ (mil.) to stand fire, sostenere il fuoco nemico senza indietreggiare; resistere sotto il fuoco □ to stand firm, tener duro; non cedere; non cambiare idea □ to stand godfather to sb., fare da padrino a q. □ to stand good, essere vero; valere; esser valido: The same remark stands good, la stessa osservazione vale in questo caso □ ( anche fig.) to stand one's ground, stare saldo, tener duro; non cedere terreno; tenere il campo (o la posizione); difendersi bene; fare resistenza: The bear turned round and stood its ground, l'orso si voltò e fece resistenza □ (mil.) to stand guard, fare la guardia □ to stand sb. in good stead, essere assai utile a q.; rendere un buon servizio a q. □ to stand in need of help, aver bisogno d'aiuto □ to stand in the way, stare tra i piedi (fig.); essere d'ingombro, d'impaccio □ to stand opposed to, essere contrario a; combattere; osteggiare □ ( sport) to stand the pace, tenere l'andatura ( del gruppo, ecc.); reggere il ritmo □ to stand pat, ( poker) essere servito; darsi servito; (fig.) restare fermo alla propria idea; non cambiare ( piano, parere, ecc.), tener duro □ to stand still, non muoversi, stare fermo; non reagire; (fig.) rimanere fermo, fermarsi: Stand still!, (sta) fermo! □ (leg.) to stand surety for sb., farsi garante per q.; pagare la cauzione per q. □ to stand treat, offrire (o pagare) da bere (o da mangiare, ecc.) □ (mil.) to stand watch, essere di sentinella □ to stand to win [to lose] st., avere buone probabilità di vincere [correre serio rischio di perdere] qc. □ (arc.) Stand and deliver, o la borsa o la vita! □ Stand clear!, largo!; indietro! □ not to stand a chance, non avere la ben che minima possibilità □ to know where one stands, conoscere la propria situazione; sapere che cosa aspettarsi □ to know where one stands with sb., sapere che cosa aspettarsi da q.; sapere come la pensa q.
    * * *
    I [stænd]
    1) (piece of furniture) (for coats, hats) appendiabiti m., attaccapanni m.; (for plant) portavasi m.; (for sheet music) leggio m.
    2) (stall) (on market) bancarella f.; (kiosk) chiosco m.; (at exhibition, trade fair) stand m., padiglione m.
    3) sport (in stadium) tribuna f., stand m.
    4) dir. (witness box) banco m. dei testimoni

    to take o make a stand on sth. — prendere posizione su qcs

    II 1. [stænd]
    verbo transitivo (pass., p.pass. stood)
    1) (place) mettere in piedi, fare stare in piedi [ person]; mettere dritto [ object]

    I can't stand liars — non posso soffrire o non sopporto i bugiardi

    he can't stand to do o doing non sopporta di fare; she won't stand any nonsense non ammetterà sciocchezze; it won't stand close scrutiny — non reggerà a un esame attento

    3) colloq. (pay for)

    to stand sb. sth. — pagare qcs. a qcn

    4) dir.

    to stand to lose sth. — rischiare di perdere qcs.

    2.
    verbo intransitivo (pass., p.pass. stood)
    1) (anche stand up) alzarsi
    2) (be upright) [ person] stare in piedi; [ object] essere in piedi, essere dritto

    don't just stand there, do something! — non stare lì impalato, fai qualcosa!

    3) (be positioned) [building etc.] essere situato, trovarsi; (clearly delineated) stagliarsi

    to stand on — calpestare [ insect]; pestare [ foot]

    5) (be)

    to stand empty — [ house] restare vuoto

    I want to know where I stand — fig. vorrei sapere come sono messe le cose per me

    to stand in sb.'s way — bloccare il passaggio a qcn.; fig. ostacolare qcn

    6) (remain valid) [ offer] rimanere valida; [agreement, statement] valere
    9) (be a candidate) candidarsi ( for a)
    10) (not move) [ water] stagnare; [ mixture] riposare
    •
    ••

    to leave sb. standing — [ athlete] infliggere un notevole distacco a; [student, company] superare

    English-Italian dictionary > stand

  • 16 scilicet

    scīlĭcet, adv. [contr. from sci- (root of scire) licet; cf. vide-licet, i-licet], or scīre lĭcet, as it is freq. written in Lucr. and in archaic lang. in Liv., and sometimes in Cels.; prop., you may understand or know, = Gr. dêlonoti, and serving to imply that a statement is in itself obviously true, and is not overlooked by the speaker (cf. Madv. ad Cic. Fin. 5, 1, 3).
    I.
    Lit., it is evident, clear, plain, or manifest; of course, naturally, evidently, certainly, undoubtedly, etc. (freq. and class.; cf.: nimirum, nempe).
    (α).
    With obj.-clause on account of scire (ante-class., and several times in Sall.; cf. videlicet): Pa. Neque illa ulli homini nutet, nictet, annuat, etc. Di. Optumumst:

    Ita scilicet facturam,

    very good; of course she will do so, Plaut. As. 4, 1, 42; id. Curc. 2, 2, 13; id. Rud. 2, 3, 64; id. Ps. 4, 7, 83; Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 117; 4, 8, 15; Lucr. 2, 469; Sall. J. 4, 6; 102, 9; 113, 3; id. Fragm. 1, Orat. Phil. § 5.—
    (β).
    As a simple particle: Le. Tam ego homo sum quam tu. Me. Scilicet ita res est, that is clear enough, no one disputes that, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 83: Co. Utrum amicis hodie an inimicis tuis Daturu's cenam? Ba. Pol ego amicis scilicet, id. Ps. 3, 2, 89; id. Men. 2, 3, 41:

    nunc vivat necne, id Orcum scire oportet scilicet,

    id. Capt. 2, 2, 33:

    pol me haud paenitet Scilicet boni dimidium mihi dividere cum Jove,

    id. Am. 5, 1, 73:

    video jam illum virum cui praeficias officio et muneri. Huic scilicet, Africanus (inquit), uni paene: nam in hoc fere uno sunt cetera,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 42, 69; cf. id. ib. 1, 38, 60: quā mente esset Antonius, demonstravit: pessima scilicet et infidelissima, Nam, etc., Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 1, 1: a te litteras exspectabam: nondum scilicet;

    nam has mane rescribebam,

    not yet to be sure, Cic. Att. 13, 3, 1:

    me in dolore... maxime scilicet consolatur spes, etc.,

    id. Fam. 1, 6, 1; id. Q. Fr. 2, 6, 2:

    quid ad haec Naevius? ridet scilicet nostram amentiam, qui, etc.,

    id. Quint. 17, 55:

    ego valde suspenso animo exspecto, primum te scilicet, deinde Marionem,

    id. Fam. 16, 3, 2; id. Att. 2, 19, 4:

    videtis ut senectus sit operosa et semper agens aliquid et moliens: tale scilicet, quale cujusque studium in superiore vita fuit,

    such, naturally, id. Sen. 8, 26:

    Brutus terram osculo contigit: scilicet, quod ea communis mater omnium mortalium esset,

    evidently because, Liv. 1, 56 fin. —Often followed by sed, tamen, etc.:

    cognoscat (orator) rerum gestarum et memoriae veteris ordinem, maxime scilicet nostrae civitatis, sed etiam imperiosorum populorum et regum illustrium,

    Cic. Or. 34, 120:

    scilicet nimis hic quidem est progressus, sed ex eo ipso est conjectura facilis,

    id. de Or. 3, 23, 128; id. Q. Fr. 2, 12, 2:

    maxime scilicet in homine, sed in omni animali,

    id. Fin. 5, 20, 55:

    me species quaedam commovit, inanis scilicet, sed commovit tamen,

    id. ib. 5, 1, 3: nihil scilicet novi, ea tamen quae te ipsum probaturum esse confidam, id. ib. 1, 8, 28:

    tuli scilicet moleste, ut debui, sed tamen constitui ad te venire,

    id. Fam. 9, 23: tu interea Romae scilicet amicis praesto fuisti;

    sed tamen illud cogita, etc.,

    id. Mur. 20, 42; id. Tusc. 5, 39, 114:

    Meneclides quidam, satis exercitatus in dicendo, ut Thebanus scilicet,

    Nep. Epam. 5, 2: nota scilicet illa res, cum Decimus quidam Verginius, etc., that event is surely well known, etc., id. Rep. 2, 37, 63.—In an assertion put in the form of a question: Ch. Huc cum advenio, nulla erat. Pa. Comites secuti scilicet sunt virginem? followed her of course, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 54.—
    (γ).
    Elliptically (only ante-class.):

    manifesta palam res indicat, inquis, in auras Aëris e terrā res omnes crescere alique, etc.... Scilicet: et nisi nos, etc.,

    to be sure, by all means, quite right, certainly, Lucr. 1, 809. —Esp. as an answer: Le. Abi ad meam sororem. St. Ibitur. Le. Et gratulator meae sorori. St. Scilicet, of course, certainly, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 178; id. Ps. 4, 7, 82; id. Poen. 3, 2, 23; 3, 4, 25; id. Rud. 4, 3, 12; Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 11; 5, 8, 10; id. Ad. 4, 7, 11; 4, 7, 33; id. Hec. 3, 5, 17; id. Phorm. 5, 3, 9. —
    B.
    In partic., of course, to be sure, doubtless, certainly, forsooth, when an assertion that is obviously false is ironically made or accepted (class.): Si. Meum gnatum rumor est amare. Da. Id populus curat scilicet! of course people trouble themselves a great deal about that! Ter. And. 1, 2, 14 (also cited Cic. Att. 13, 34); cf.:

    scilicet is superis labor est, ea cura quietos Sollicitat,

    Verg. A. 4, 379; Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 3, 1:

    et ego id scilicet nesciebam!

    id. Fin. 2, 31, 102:

    et tu scilicet mavis numine deorum id factum quam casu arbitrari?

    id. Div. 2, 21, 47; id. Verr. 2, 1, 54, § 142:

    scilicet tibi graviorem dolorem patrui tui mors attulit quam C. Graccho fratris, et tibi acerbior ejus patrui mors est, quem numquam vidisti quam illi ejus fratris, quicum concordissime vixerat, etc.,

    id. Rab. Perd. 5, 14:

    scilicet is sum, qui existimem, Cn. Pisonem et Catilinam nihil scelerate ipsos per sese sine P. Sullā facere potuisse,

    id. Sull. 24, 67; id. Pis. 9, 19; Quint. 8, prooem. § 25; cf.:

    unde illa scilicet egregia laudatio: Tanto melior, ne ego quidem intellexi,

    id. 8, 2, 18:

    scilicet medio triennio defuerat tempus, etc.,

    Tac. A. 6, 23; 1, 8 fin.; 3, 59; 11, 24; id. Agr. 2 al.—
    II.
    Transf., in the postAug. per. sometimes, like dêlonoti in later Greek, merely as an expletory or explanatory particle, namely, to wit, that is to say:

    quaedam etiam opera sub nomine alieno, nepotum scilicet et uxoris sororisque, fecit,

    Suet. Aug. 29; id. Tib. 14:

    manente villā, qualis fuerit olim, ne quid scilicet oculorum consuetudini deperiret,

    id. Vesp. 2; so,

    ne scilicet,

    id. Gram. 4; Vulg. Gen. 2, 25 et saep.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > scilicet

  • 17 scire licet

    scīlĭcet, adv. [contr. from sci- (root of scire) licet; cf. vide-licet, i-licet], or scīre lĭcet, as it is freq. written in Lucr. and in archaic lang. in Liv., and sometimes in Cels.; prop., you may understand or know, = Gr. dêlonoti, and serving to imply that a statement is in itself obviously true, and is not overlooked by the speaker (cf. Madv. ad Cic. Fin. 5, 1, 3).
    I.
    Lit., it is evident, clear, plain, or manifest; of course, naturally, evidently, certainly, undoubtedly, etc. (freq. and class.; cf.: nimirum, nempe).
    (α).
    With obj.-clause on account of scire (ante-class., and several times in Sall.; cf. videlicet): Pa. Neque illa ulli homini nutet, nictet, annuat, etc. Di. Optumumst:

    Ita scilicet facturam,

    very good; of course she will do so, Plaut. As. 4, 1, 42; id. Curc. 2, 2, 13; id. Rud. 2, 3, 64; id. Ps. 4, 7, 83; Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 117; 4, 8, 15; Lucr. 2, 469; Sall. J. 4, 6; 102, 9; 113, 3; id. Fragm. 1, Orat. Phil. § 5.—
    (β).
    As a simple particle: Le. Tam ego homo sum quam tu. Me. Scilicet ita res est, that is clear enough, no one disputes that, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 83: Co. Utrum amicis hodie an inimicis tuis Daturu's cenam? Ba. Pol ego amicis scilicet, id. Ps. 3, 2, 89; id. Men. 2, 3, 41:

    nunc vivat necne, id Orcum scire oportet scilicet,

    id. Capt. 2, 2, 33:

    pol me haud paenitet Scilicet boni dimidium mihi dividere cum Jove,

    id. Am. 5, 1, 73:

    video jam illum virum cui praeficias officio et muneri. Huic scilicet, Africanus (inquit), uni paene: nam in hoc fere uno sunt cetera,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 42, 69; cf. id. ib. 1, 38, 60: quā mente esset Antonius, demonstravit: pessima scilicet et infidelissima, Nam, etc., Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 1, 1: a te litteras exspectabam: nondum scilicet;

    nam has mane rescribebam,

    not yet to be sure, Cic. Att. 13, 3, 1:

    me in dolore... maxime scilicet consolatur spes, etc.,

    id. Fam. 1, 6, 1; id. Q. Fr. 2, 6, 2:

    quid ad haec Naevius? ridet scilicet nostram amentiam, qui, etc.,

    id. Quint. 17, 55:

    ego valde suspenso animo exspecto, primum te scilicet, deinde Marionem,

    id. Fam. 16, 3, 2; id. Att. 2, 19, 4:

    videtis ut senectus sit operosa et semper agens aliquid et moliens: tale scilicet, quale cujusque studium in superiore vita fuit,

    such, naturally, id. Sen. 8, 26:

    Brutus terram osculo contigit: scilicet, quod ea communis mater omnium mortalium esset,

    evidently because, Liv. 1, 56 fin. —Often followed by sed, tamen, etc.:

    cognoscat (orator) rerum gestarum et memoriae veteris ordinem, maxime scilicet nostrae civitatis, sed etiam imperiosorum populorum et regum illustrium,

    Cic. Or. 34, 120:

    scilicet nimis hic quidem est progressus, sed ex eo ipso est conjectura facilis,

    id. de Or. 3, 23, 128; id. Q. Fr. 2, 12, 2:

    maxime scilicet in homine, sed in omni animali,

    id. Fin. 5, 20, 55:

    me species quaedam commovit, inanis scilicet, sed commovit tamen,

    id. ib. 5, 1, 3: nihil scilicet novi, ea tamen quae te ipsum probaturum esse confidam, id. ib. 1, 8, 28:

    tuli scilicet moleste, ut debui, sed tamen constitui ad te venire,

    id. Fam. 9, 23: tu interea Romae scilicet amicis praesto fuisti;

    sed tamen illud cogita, etc.,

    id. Mur. 20, 42; id. Tusc. 5, 39, 114:

    Meneclides quidam, satis exercitatus in dicendo, ut Thebanus scilicet,

    Nep. Epam. 5, 2: nota scilicet illa res, cum Decimus quidam Verginius, etc., that event is surely well known, etc., id. Rep. 2, 37, 63.—In an assertion put in the form of a question: Ch. Huc cum advenio, nulla erat. Pa. Comites secuti scilicet sunt virginem? followed her of course, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 54.—
    (γ).
    Elliptically (only ante-class.):

    manifesta palam res indicat, inquis, in auras Aëris e terrā res omnes crescere alique, etc.... Scilicet: et nisi nos, etc.,

    to be sure, by all means, quite right, certainly, Lucr. 1, 809. —Esp. as an answer: Le. Abi ad meam sororem. St. Ibitur. Le. Et gratulator meae sorori. St. Scilicet, of course, certainly, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 178; id. Ps. 4, 7, 82; id. Poen. 3, 2, 23; 3, 4, 25; id. Rud. 4, 3, 12; Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 11; 5, 8, 10; id. Ad. 4, 7, 11; 4, 7, 33; id. Hec. 3, 5, 17; id. Phorm. 5, 3, 9. —
    B.
    In partic., of course, to be sure, doubtless, certainly, forsooth, when an assertion that is obviously false is ironically made or accepted (class.): Si. Meum gnatum rumor est amare. Da. Id populus curat scilicet! of course people trouble themselves a great deal about that! Ter. And. 1, 2, 14 (also cited Cic. Att. 13, 34); cf.:

    scilicet is superis labor est, ea cura quietos Sollicitat,

    Verg. A. 4, 379; Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 3, 1:

    et ego id scilicet nesciebam!

    id. Fin. 2, 31, 102:

    et tu scilicet mavis numine deorum id factum quam casu arbitrari?

    id. Div. 2, 21, 47; id. Verr. 2, 1, 54, § 142:

    scilicet tibi graviorem dolorem patrui tui mors attulit quam C. Graccho fratris, et tibi acerbior ejus patrui mors est, quem numquam vidisti quam illi ejus fratris, quicum concordissime vixerat, etc.,

    id. Rab. Perd. 5, 14:

    scilicet is sum, qui existimem, Cn. Pisonem et Catilinam nihil scelerate ipsos per sese sine P. Sullā facere potuisse,

    id. Sull. 24, 67; id. Pis. 9, 19; Quint. 8, prooem. § 25; cf.:

    unde illa scilicet egregia laudatio: Tanto melior, ne ego quidem intellexi,

    id. 8, 2, 18:

    scilicet medio triennio defuerat tempus, etc.,

    Tac. A. 6, 23; 1, 8 fin.; 3, 59; 11, 24; id. Agr. 2 al.—
    II.
    Transf., in the postAug. per. sometimes, like dêlonoti in later Greek, merely as an expletory or explanatory particle, namely, to wit, that is to say:

    quaedam etiam opera sub nomine alieno, nepotum scilicet et uxoris sororisque, fecit,

    Suet. Aug. 29; id. Tib. 14:

    manente villā, qualis fuerit olim, ne quid scilicet oculorum consuetudini deperiret,

    id. Vesp. 2; so,

    ne scilicet,

    id. Gram. 4; Vulg. Gen. 2, 25 et saep.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > scire licet

  • 18 tum

    tum, adv. demonstr., of time [pronom. demonstr. stems to-, ta-; Gr. to, seen in ita, tam, etc.; cf. quom or cum], then.
    I.
    Absol.
    A.
    Referring to a time previously specified.
    1.
    To a definite past time.
    (α).
    To a period of time in which something was or happened (opp. later periods) = illis temporibus:

    is dictu'st ollis popularibus olim Qui tum vivebant homines,

    Enn. Ann. v. 308 Vahl.:

    quod tum erat res in pecore et locorum possessionibus, i. e. Romuli temporibus,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 9, 16:

    cum illi male dicerent, quod tum fieri licebat, i. e. Periclis temporibus,

    id. de Or. 3, 34, 138:

    erat omnino tum mos ut faciles essent in suum cuique tribuendo,

    id. Brut. 21, 85; cf. id. Tusc. 1, 46, 111:

    vastae tum in his locis solitudines erant,

    Liv. 1, 4, 6; 2, 6, 8; 3, 29, 3; 4, 6, 12; 42, 62, 11;

    44, 9, 4: ut tum erant tempora,

    Nep. Att. 1, 2; 12, 3; Liv. 1, 3, 3; 1, 8, 4; 2, 7, 4; 2, 9, 8; 2, 50, 2; 2, 63, 6;

    39, 6, 7 and 9.—With illis temporibus: nam jam tum illis temporibus fortius... loquebantur quam pugnabant,

    Nep. Thras. 2, 4.—
    (β).
    Referring to a point of time, then, at that time:

    insigneita fere tum milia militum octo Duxit,

    Enn. Ann. v. 336 Vahl.: ut jacui exsurgo;

    ardere censui aedis: ita tum confulgebant,

    Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 15:

    jam duo restabant fata tum,

    id. Bacch. 4, 9, 35; id. Cist. 1, 3, 14: quot eras annos gnatus tum, quom, etc.? Me Septuennis, nam tum dentes mihi cadebant primulum, id. Men. 5, 9, 56; id. Merc. prol. 66; id. Most. 1, 2, 49; id. Am. 2, 1, 56; Ter. And. 1, 1, 82: sic igitur tum se levis ac diffusilis aether... undique flexit. Lucr. 5, 467; 5, 837; 5, 911; 5, 432;

    5, 942: atque huic anno proximus Sulla consule et Pompejo fuit. Tum P. Sulpicii in tribunatu, cottidie contionantis, totum genus dicendi cognovimus,

    Cic. Brut. 89, 306; id. Ac. 2, 22, 69:

    scribit Eudemum Pheras venisse, quae erat urbs in Thessalia tum admodum nobilis,

    id. Div. 1, 25, 53; id. Rep. 2, 37, 63:

    hi tum in Asia rhetorum principes,

    id. Brut. 91, 316; id. Sest. 11, 26; id. Planc. 37, 90; id. Quint. 61, 170; id. Fam. 9, 21, 2:

    hoc tum veritus Caesar Pharum prehendit,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 112:

    eodem anno a Campanis Cumae, quam Graeci tum urbem tenebant, capiuntur,

    Liv. 4, 44, 13; 1, 7, 14; 2, 9, 5;

    2, 37, 7: praetores tum duos Latium habebat,

    id. 8, 3, 9:

    Aemilius, cujus tum fasces erant, dictatorem dixit,

    id. 8, 12, 13; 5, 8, 4; 22, 46, 6;

    1, 7, 12: tum Athenis perpetui archontes esse desierunt,

    Vell. 1, 8, 3:

    tum Cimbri et Teutoni transcendere Rhenum,

    id. 2, 8, 3; Val. Max. 1, 5, 3; Tac. H. 4, 49; 3, 57:

    non timido, non ignavo cessare tum licuit,

    Curt. 3, 11, 5:

    Archiae, qui tum maximum magistratum Thebis obtinebat,

    Nep. Pelop. 3, 2; id. Phoc. 3, 3.—With in eo tempore: eum quem virile secus tum in eo tempore habebat, Asell. ap. Gell. 2, 13, 5.—Repeated by anaphora:

    quae nox omnium temporum conjurationis acerrima fuit. Tum Catilinae dies exeundi, tum ceteris manendi condicio, tum descriptio... constituta est, tum tuus pater, etc.,

    Cic. Sull. 18, 52; cf. Lucr. 5, 1377; 5, 1399.—
    (γ).
    Esp., referring to a former state, implying that it no longer exists:

    quaesivit ex lege illa Cornelia quae tum erat,

    Cic. Clu. 20, 55:

    cum sententias Oppianicus, quae tum erat potestas, palam ferri velle dixisset,

    id. ib. 27, 75:

    Caere, opulento tum oppido,

    Liv. 1, 2, 3; 3, 52, 3:

    praetores aerarii (nam tum a praetoribus tractabatur aerarium), etc.,

    Tac. H. 4, 9.—
    (δ).
    Expressly opposed to present time (hodie, nunc, hoc tempore, etc.; class. and very freq.; but in post-Aug. writers tunc is regularly used): prius non is eras qui eras;

    nunc is factu's qui tum non eras,

    Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 138:

    tu nunc tibi Id laudi ducis quod tum fecisti inopia?

    Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 25; id. Hec. 3, 3, 48:

    quae tabula, tum imperio tuo revulsa, nunc a me tamen reportata est,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 46, § 112:

    tum imperator populi Romani deos patrios reportabat, nunc praetor ejusdem populi eosdem illos deos... auferebat,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 35, § 77; cf. id. ib. 2, 4, 35, § 78; 2, 5, 20, § 51; id. Clu. 31, 86; id. Planc. 9, 22; id. Quint. 22, 71; id. Phil. 14, 8, 21; id. Leg. 2, 22, 57; Caes. B. C. 3, 17; Liv. 5, 3, 5; 6, 15, 11; 10, 9, 6.—
    (ε).
    Opposed to another time specified:

    itaque tum eos exire jussit. Post autem e provincia litteras ad conlegium misit, se, etc.,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 4, 11:

    itaque ut tum carere rege, sic pulso Tarquinio nomen regis audire non poterat,

    id. Rep. 2, 30, 53; id. Mil. 21, 55:

    sicut legatorum antea, ita tum novorum colonorum caede imbutis armis,

    Liv. 4, 31, 7; 39, 22, 10; 9, 36, 1; 2, 52, 7; 4, 2, 10; 4, 57, 11;

    21, 17, 1: et tum sicca, prius celeberrima fontibus, Ide,

    Ov. M. 2, 218; Verg. A. 11, 33; Nep. Arist. 2, 3; id. Ham. 11, 7.—
    (ζ).
    In the historians in applying general statements or truths to the state of affairs spoken of: communi enim fit vitio naturae ut invisis atque incognitis rebus... vehementius exterreamur;

    ut tum accidit,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 4; 3, 68; id. B. G. 7, 3; 2, 6; id. B. C. 1, 80:

    foedera alia aliis legibus, ceterum eodem modo omnia fiunt. Tum ita factum accepimus,

    Liv. 1, 24, 4; 1, 32, 14; 21, 31, 12.—
    (η).
    Denoting coincidence or inner connection with an action before mentioned = a temporal clause (tum = cum hoc fieret), then, on that occasion:

    quis tum non ingemuit?

    Cic. Vatin. 13, 31:

    ne tum quidem hominum venustatem et facetias perspicere potuisti? i. e. cum coronam auream imponebant,

    id. Fl. 31, 76: apud imperitos tum illa dicta sunt;

    nunc agendum est subtilius,

    id. Fin. 4, 27, 74:

    itaque tum Stajenus condemnatus est,

    i. e. in that trial, id. Clu. 36, 101; id. Sen. 7, 22:

    M. Porcius Cato qui, asper ingenio, tum lenem mitemque senatorem egit,

    Liv. 45, 25; Val. Max. 8, 3, 3:

    sed tum supplicia dis... decernuntur,

    Tac. A. 3, 64; 3, 72:

    Graecia tum potuit Priamo quoque flenda videri,

    Ov. M. 14, 474.—

    With the occasion referred to specified in the same clause: Manlius... ex petulanti scurra in discordiis civitatis ad eam columnam tum suffragiis populi pervenerat,

    Cic. Clu. 13, 39:

    emisti tum in naufragio hujus urbis... tum, inquam, emisti ut, etc.,

    id. Prov. Cons. 4, 7.—Repeated by anaphora: et Capitolinis injecit sedibus ignes. Tum statua Nattae, tum simulacra deorum, Romulusque et Remus cum altrice belua vi fulminis icti conciderunt, Cic. Div. 2, 20, 45;

    so repeated seven times,

    id. Rep. 1, 40, 62.—
    (θ).
    Redundant, the time of the action being clear without it (esp. in Cic.):

    atque hoc tum judicio facto... tamen Avitus Oppianicum reum statim non facit,

    Cic. Clu. 20, 56:

    itaque tum ille inopia et necessitate coactus ad Caepasios confugit,

    id. ib. 20, 57; id. Brut. 23, 90; 39, 145; 43, 161; cf. id. Sull. 18, 51, where tum redundant occurs six times successively.—
    2.
    In oblique discourse, referring to the time of the speaker, = nunc in direct discourse:

    quando autem se, si tum non sint, pares hostibus fore?

    if they were not now so, Liv. 3, 62, 1:

    (dixit Sempronius)... nec tum agrum plebi, sed sibi invidiam quaeri,

    id. 4, 44, 9; 4, 57, 4:

    moenia eos tum transcendere non Italiae modo, sed etiam urbis Romanae,

    id. 21, 35, 9; 5, 21, 7 (in this use nunc is also freq.).—
    3.
    Referring to indefinite time.
    (α).
    Then, at such a time of the year, day, etc., at such a season:

    tum denique tauros in gregem redigo (after Lyra rises),

    Varr. R. R. 2, 5, 12; 1, 35 fin.; Col. 11, 2, 87.—
    (β).
    With the force of an indefinite temporal clause, at such a time, in such circumstances, i. e. when such a thing happens as has happened:

    qui (porci) a partu decimo die habentur puri, ab eo appellantur sacres, quod tum ad sacrificium idonei habentur primum,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 4, 16; 2, 7, 13:

    deinde cibum sequitur somnus... quia plurima tum se corpora conturbant (i. e. cum cibum ceperunt),

    Lucr. 4, 957; 3, 599; 4, 892; 4, 919;

    4, 1030: quam regionem cum superavit animus... finem altius se efferendi facit. Tum enim sui similem et levitatem et calorem adeptus... nullam in partem movetur,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 19, 43; 1, 31, 75; 3, 23, 55; 4, 24, 54; Tac. Dial. 7.—
    (γ).
    With the force of a conditional clause, then, in this instance, if so: immo res omnis relictas habeo prae quod tu velis. Ph. Tum tu igitur, qua causa missus es ad portum, id expedi (i. e. si ita est), Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 39; id. Most. 5, 1, 55; id. As. 1, 1, 93; 2, 2, 64; 3, 3, 36; id. Aul. 3, 6, 31; id. Capt. 3, 4, 108; 4, 2, 78: non potitus essem;

    fuisset tum illos mi aegre aliquot dies,

    Ter. Phorm. 1, 3, 7; id. Eun. 2, 2, 50; 5, 1, 23; id. Hec. 3, 5, 12:

    ego C. Caesaris laudibus desim, quas, etc.? Tum hercule me confitear non judicium aliquod habuisse,

    Cic. Planc. 39, 93: scribant aliquid Isocrateo more...;

    tum illos existimabo non desperatione formidavisse genus hoc,

    id. Or. 70, 235; id. Font. 21, 49 (17, 39); id. Tusc. 1, 35, 85; id. Fam. 9, 8, 2; Ov. H. 18 (19), 81: vellem tam ferax saeculum haberemus...;

    tum ego te primus hortarer, etc.,

    Plin. Ep. 4, 15, 8.—
    4.
    Referring to future time.
    (α).
    To a definite time before mentioned:

    ut sit satius perdere Quam aut nunc manere tam diu, aut tum persequi,

    i. e. after my future return, Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 27:

    jam nunc mente prospicio quae tum studia hominum, qui concursus futuri sint,

    Cic. Div. in Caecin. 13, 42; id. Verr. 1, 13, 37; 1, 10, 30; id. Prov. Cons. 7, 17; id. Marcell. 9, 30:

    tum meae... Vocis accedet bona pars,

    Hor. C. 4, 2, 45.—
    (β).
    With the force of a conditional clause (cf. 3. b, supra), then, in this instance, if so: specta, tum scies. Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 100; cf.:

    quom videbis, tum scies,

    id. ib. 1, 2, 37: tuom incendes genus;

    Tum igitur aquae erit tibi cupido, etc.,

    id. Trin. 3, 2, 50; id. Curc. 2, 3, 17:

    confer sudantes, ructantes, refertos epulis... tum intelleges, etc.,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 34, 100; id. Planc. 18, 45; id. Phil. 2, 45, 115:

    agedum, dictatorem creemus... Pulset tum mihi lictorem qui sciet, etc.,

    Liv. 2, 29, 12; Cic. Phil. 10, 3, 6; id. Or. 23, 78; 71, 235; Liv. 4, 22, 11; 5, 16, 10; 9, 11, 4.—
    B.
    Referring to a time subsequent to a time mentioned, then, thereupon.
    1.
    Simple sequence in time.
    (α).
    Time proper (only of an immediate sequence;

    otherwise deinde, postea, etc., are used): tum cum corde suo divum pater atque hominum rex Effatur, etc.,

    Enn. Ann. 179:

    dico ei quo pactod eam viderim erilem nostram filiam sustollere. Extimuit tum illa,

    Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 9; id. Bacch. 3, 3, 29; id. As. 4, 1, 58: tum ille egens forte adplicat Primum ad Chrysidis patrem se. Ter. And. 5, 4, 21; id. Eun. 3, 1, 17; Cato, R. R. 48 (49); 135 (136); so id. ib. 112 (113): equos quinto anno... amittere binos (dentes);

    tum renascentes eis sexto anno impleri,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 2 sq.: collo [p. 1909] cari jussit hominem in aureo lecto, abacosque complures ornavit... Tum ad mensam eximia forma pueros jussit consistere, eosque, etc., Cic. Tusc. 5, 21, 61:

    dixerat hoc ille, cum puer nuntiavit venire ad eum Laelium... Tum Scipio e cubiculo est egressus, etc.,

    id. Rep. 1, 12, 18; id. Div. 2, 66, 135; id. Clu. 14, 40; id. Cat. 3, 5, 10; id. Ac. 2, 5, 13; id. Div. 1, 35, 77:

    hostes suos ab oppugnatione reduxerunt. Tum suo more conclamaverunt ut, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 26; cf. id. ib. 7, 64; 5, 43 fin.;

    5, 48: adsurgentem ibi regem cuspide ad terram adfixit. Tum spolia caputque abscisum spiculo gerens... hostes fudit,

    Liv. 4, 19, 5; 5, 21, 1; 1, 26, 9; 1, 18, 10; 1, 20, 1; 1, 22, 6; 1, 28, 4; 1, 28, 9; 2, 24, 4;

    3, 8, 11, etc.: tum Caesar cum exercitu Thessaliam petit,

    Vell. 2, 52, 1; Val. Max. 5, 1, 3; Curt. 4, 3, 7; Tac. A. 3, 28; 11, 35; id. H. 4, 84; Ov. M. 2, 122; 4, 80; 7, 121; 10, 481; 14, 386; Flor. 1, 13, 12; Gell. 1, 19, 5; 1, 23, 5.—
    (β).
    In partic., foll. by an abl. absol.:

    tum, prope jam perculsis aliis tribunis, A. Verginius Caesoni capitis diem dicit,

    Liv. 3, 11, 9; 8, 32, 1; 10, 29, 12:

    tum omni spe perdita, Meherdates dolo ejus vincitur, traditurque victori,

    Tac. A. 12, 15; 12, 16:

    tum, ferro extracto, confestim exanimatus est,

    Nep. Epam. 9, 4.—
    (γ).
    Implying a connection between two events, hence, under these circumstances, accordingly, thereupon:

    at pater omnipotens ira tum percitus acri... Phaethonta... Deturbavit in terram,

    Lucr. 5, 399:

    madefactum iri Graeciam sanguine... tum neque te ipsum non esse commotum, Marcumque Varronem et M. Catonem... vehementer esse perterritos,

    Cic. Div. 1, 32, 68; cf. id. ib. 1, 34, 76; Caes. B. G. 4, 25; cf. id. ib. 5, 49; 5, 51;

    7, 59: quippe quibus nec domi spes prolis, nec cum finitimis conubia essent. Tum ex consilio patrum Romulus legatos circa vicinas gentes misit,

    Liv. 1, 9, 2; 3, 26, 1; 3, 31, 7; 4, 45, 7.—
    2.
    Enumeration of a series of events; the co-ordinate clauses introduced by tum... tum, or primum (primo)... deinde... tum, etc.
    (α).
    Succession of time proper:

    ducem Hannibali unum e concilio datum (a Jove), tum ei ducem illum praecepisse ne respiceret, illum autem respexisse, tum visam beluam vastam, etc.,

    Cic. Div. 1, 24, 49; 1, 27, 57; 2, 28, 58 sq.:

    primo... deinde... tum... tum,

    id. Fin. 1, 16, 50; 5, 23, 65; id. Tusc. 5, 2, 5:

    primum... deinde... tum... postremo,

    id. N. D. 2, 1, 3; 3, 3, 6: primum colonos inde Romanos expulit: inde in Latinam viam transgressus, etc., inde Lavinium recepit; tum deinceps Corbionem, Vitelliam;

    postremum, etc.,

    Liv. 2, 39, 4:

    primi consules sub jugum missi, tum ut quisque gradu proximus erat, tum deinceps singulae legiones,

    id. 9, 6, 1:

    primo... deinde... tum... tum,

    id. 21, 22, 8; id. praef. 9; 3, 28, 8: 5, 39, 7;

    23, 23, 6: deinde... deinde... Tum... post quas, etc.,

    Curt. 3, 3, 24: primum... deinde... deinde... tum... postea, Masur. Gabin. ap. Gell. 5, 13, 5; Gai. Inst. 4, 60.—
    (β).
    So in partic.: tum (also hic, et;

    not deinde or postea), to denote the succession of speakers in dialogue: immo duas dabo, inquit adulescens... Tum senex ille: Si vis, inquit, quattuor sane dato,

    Plaut. Stich. 4, 1, 46 dub.:

    tum Piso... inquit, etc. Tum Quintus... inquit, etc. Hic ego... inquam, etc. Tum ille... inquit, etc. Tum Piso... inquit, etc. Et ille ridens... inquit, etc. Tum Piso exorsus est, etc.,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 1, 2 sqq.:

    tum Atticus... inquit, etc. Tum ille... inquit, etc. Tum Brutus, etc. Tum ille, etc. Tum Atticus, etc. Tum Pomponius... inquit, etc.,

    id. Brut. 3, 11 sqq., and through the whole treatise; cf. id. Ac. 1, 2, 4; 1, 3, 9; 1, 4, 13; 1, 12, 43 and 44; 2, 19, 63; id. N. D. 1, 6, 15 sqq.; id. Rep. 1, 13, 19 sqq.; Liv. 7, 10, 2 sqq.; 23, 12, 8; Tac. Dial. 3; 15; 25; 42; Gell. 3, 1, 11 sqq.; 18, 1, 9 sqq.; Ov. M. 14, 594.—
    (γ).
    Transf., of sequence or succession of thought, passing into mere co-ordination (v. C. 2. b, g), then... again... furthermore:

    qui mi in cursu obstiterit, faxo vitae is obstiterit suae. Prius edico ne quis, etc. Tum pistores scrofipasci qui, etc. Tum piscatores.... Tum lanii autem qui, etc.,

    Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 28; 4, 2, 34; 4, 2, 39: (res familiaris) primum bene parta sit, tum quam plurimis se utilem praebeat, deinde augeatur ratione, diligentia, etc., Cic. Off. 1, 26, 92; id. Ac. 2, 47, 146; id. Tusc. 1, 28, 68 sq.; 5, 40, 117; id. Ac. 2, 10, 30; id. de Or. 1, 42, 190; id. Cat. 4, 3, 5; id. Agr. 1, 2, 5; id. Clu. 2, 6; Liv. 3, 26, 11.—
    C.
    Hence, as co-ordinating conjunction, introducing an additional assertion, or thought.
    1.
    Alone, = praeterea, and then, besides, also, moreover, on the other hand (freq. in ante-class. style and in Cic.;

    rare in Livy and post-Aug. prose): argenti aurique advexit multum, lanam purpuramque multam... tum Babylonica peristromata, etc.,

    Plaut. Stich. 2, 3, 54; id. Rud. 2, 4, 10; id. Bacch. 4, 3, 71; 4, 8, 17; id. Ps. 3, 2, 78; id. Aul. 1, 2, 6; 1, 3, 16; id. Men. 5, 5, 41; id. Mil. 4, 2, 13; id. Pers. 1, 3, 15; 4, 2, 3; Ter. And. 1, 5, 27; 1, 2, 21; 2, 3, 7; id. Eun. prol. 4; 5, 6, 15; id. Heaut. 2, 1, 16; Lucr. 4, 680; cf. id. 1, 494; 4, 1152:

    magnum ingenium L. Luculli, magnumque optimarum artium studium, tum omnis ab eo percepta doctrina... caruit omnino rebus urbanis,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 1, 1; 2, 14, 43; id. Div. 1, 24, 50; 1, 42, 94; id. de Or. 1, 46, 201; id. Off. 1, 6, 19; id. Fin. 1, 6, 21; 2, 16, 53; id. Leg. 1, 5, 17; 1, 9, 26; id. Rab. Post. 14, 40; id. Phil. 13, 12, 26:

    altera ex parte Bellovaci instabant, alteram Camulogenus tenebat: tum legiones a praesidio interclusas maximum flumen distinebat,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 59; id. B. C. 3, 49: naves convenerunt duae Punicae quinqueremes;

    duae ab Heraclea triremes... tum quinque Rhodiae quadriremes,

    Liv. 42, 56, 6; 1, 40, 4; Sen. Vit. Beat. 3, 4; Just. 5, 10, 3.—Sometimes connecting two terms of the same clause, with the force of cum... tum (v. infra, 3. d.):

    quot me censes homines jam deverberasse, hospites tum civis?

    Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 14:

    faciendum est igitur nobis ut... veteranorum, tum legionis Martiae quartaeque consensus... confirmetur,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 3, 7; Liv. 28, 43, 1 (in co-ordination often with etiam, autem, and sometimes with praeterea and porro; v. III. infra).—
    2.
    Tum as correlative of a preceding tum.
    (α).
    With an added assertion or thought: ita est haec hominum natio: voluptarii atque potatores, Tum sycophantae... plurimi In urbe habitant;

    tum meretrices mulieres Nusquam perhibentur blandiores gentium,

    Plaut. Men. 2, 1, 35; id. Ep. 2, 2, 28; id. Mil. 3, 1, 100; 3, 1, 102.—
    (β).
    Tum... tum = nunc... nunc (modo... modo), sometimes... sometimes, now... now, at one time... at another (freq. in Cic., not in Caes., rare in Liv., and very rare in postAug. writers):

    tum huc, tum illuc inretitos impedit piscis,

    Plaut. Truc. 1, 1, 17:

    tum hoc mihi probabilius, tum illud videtur,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 43, 134:

    mihi... tum hoc tum illud probabilius videtur,

    id. Off. 3, 7, 33; so id. Am. 4, 13; id. Sen. 13, 45; id. Top. 7, 31; id. N. D. 2, 19, 49:

    (alvus) tum restringitur, tum relaxatur,

    id. ib. 2, 54, 136; id. Rep. 3, 13 (14), 23; id. Leg. 2, 7, 16; id. Or. 63, 212; id. Sen. 3, 7; id. Inv. 1, 37, 66:

    dictator tum appellare tum adhortari milites,

    Liv. 8, 39, 4; Suet. Ner. 1; Gell. 1, 11, 15.—Tum may be repeated several times:

    plerique propter voluptatem tum in morbos graves, tum in damna, tum in dedecora incurrunt,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 14, 47; 3, 7, 26;

    so three times,

    id. N. D. 1, 12, 29; 1, 14, 37; 1, 15, 39; id. Inv. 1, 52, 98; id. Or. 3, 45, 177; id. Off. 1, 7, 22; id. Leg. 2, 17, 43; id. Top. 25, 96;

    four times,

    id. N. D. 1, 43, 120; 2, 20, 52; 2, 39, 101; id. Verr. 2, 4, 34, § 75;

    five times,

    id. N. D. 2, 5, 14; id. Inv. 1, 13, 17; 1, 41, 76; id. Verr. 2, 5, 36, § 94;

    six times,

    id. ib. 1, 53, 120;

    seven times,

    Quint. 9, 4, 133;

    nine times,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 50, 51.—And in chronological order (to be distinguished from the instances B. 2. a and g):

    Atheniensium (rem publicam constituerunt) tum Theseus, tum Draco, tum Solo, tum Clisthenes, tum multi alii,

    at different times, successively, Cic. Rep. 2, 1, 2.—
    (γ).
    Preceded or followed by other co-ordinate words (alias, modo, aliquando, aut... aut, nunc... nunc):

    ex quo intellegitur qualis ille sit quem tum moderatum, alias modestum, tum temperantem, alias constantem continentemque dicimus,

    Cic. Tusc. 4, 16, 36:

    tum... tum... aliquando,

    id. Div. 2, 2, 6:

    tum... tum... aut... aut,

    id. Or. 61, 204:

    modo... tum autem,

    id. N. D. 2, 40, 142:

    nunc... nunc... tum... tum,

    Flor. 1, 17, 5.—
    (δ).
    Tum... tum = et... et, both... and, not only... but also, partly... partly, without regard to time, the second term being frequently strengthened by etiam (mostly post-Aug.):

    Milo Compsam oppugnans, ictusque lapide tum Clodio, tum patriae, quam armis petebat, poenas dedit,

    Vell. 2, 68, 3:

    Muciam et Fulviam, tum a patre, tum a viro utramque inclitam,

    Val. Max. 9, 1, 8:

    Caesar Pompejo tum proprias, tum etiam filiae lacrimas reddidit,

    id. 5, 1, 10; Quint. 7, 3, 18; Sen. Q. N. 4, 2, 28; id. Clem. 1, 19, 2; Front. Aquaed. 1; Tac. A. 12, 33; Suet. Tit. 3; Nep. praef. 8;

    and with etiam,

    Val. Max. 2, 2, 8; 5, 9, 1; 7, 6 prooem.; Nep. Them. 2, 3.—
    3.
    As correlative with a preceding cum, introducing particular after a universal or a stronger or more important assertion after a weaker or less important.
    a.
    Connecting complete sentences with different predicates, cum... tum = as... so, while... (tum being not translated; ante-class. cum always with indic.; class. with subj. or indic.):

    quom antehac te amavi, et mihi amicam esse crevi... tum id mihi hodie aperuisti,

    Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 2; id. Truc. 4, 1, 6:

    quom id mihi placebat, tum uno ore omnes omnia Bona dicere,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 69; id. Phorm. 1, 4, 10:

    quae cum res tota ficta sit pueriliter, tum ne efficit quidem quod vult,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 6, 19; id. Tusc. 5, 39, 13; id. Fam. 13, 16, 1; and so with subj., id. N. D. 1, 1, 1; id. Off. 3, 2, 5; id. Lael. 7, 23; id. Brut. 39, 145; 11, 250:

    cum omnium rerum simulatio est vitiosa, tum amicitiae repugnat maxime,

    id. Lael. 25, 91; id. Div. 2, 27, 58; and so with indic., id. Planc. 33, 80; id. Tull. 4, 8; id. Div. in Caecil. 20, 65; id. Sest. 1, 2; id. Fam. 16, 4, 4:

    haec cum merito ejus fieri intellegebat, tum magni interesse arbitrabatur, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 4; 3, 16; id. B. C. 1, 58; Liv. 3, 34, 1; 4, 53, 4.—
    b.
    Clauses with the same predicate, which is placed after the first clause (always with indic.):

    nam mihi, cum multa eximie divineque videntur Athenae tuae peperisse, tum nihil melius illis mysteriis quibus, etc.,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 14, 36; id. Tusc. 4, 18, 42; id. Phil. 2, 5, 12; Liv. 4, 46, 10; 6, 38, 10.—
    c.
    Clauses with a common predicate placed before both co-ordinate terms, cum... tum = not only, but also; as... so especially:

    visa est Arcesilae cum vera sententia, tum honesta et digna sapiente,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 24, 77; id. Fin. 1, 16, 51; 2, 35, 119; 3, 1, 3:

    movit patres conscriptos cum causa tum auctor,

    Liv. 9, 10, 1; 4, 57, 2; Suet. Ner. 46 init. —
    d.
    With a common predicate after both co-ordinate terms:

    quom virum tum uxorem, di vos perdant,

    Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 103:

    luxuria cum omni aetati turpis tum senectuti foedissima est,

    Cic. Off. 1, 34, 123; id. Clu. 59, 161; id. Verr. 2, 1, 34, § 86; id. N. D. 1, 21, 57; id. Deiot. 9, 26; id. Clu. 16, 46:

    concitatos animos flecti quam frangi putabat cum tutius tum facilius esse,

    Liv. 2, 23, 15; 6, 9, 8; 1, 57, 1; 10, 26, 13; Tac. Dial. 5.—With tum several times repeated:

    quem pater moriens cum tutoribus et propinquis, tum legibus, tum aequitati magistratuum, tum judiciis vestris commendatum putavit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 58, § 151; cf. esp. id. Planc. 40, 95. —
    e.
    Tum, in this construction, is freq. strengthened,
    (α).
    By vero:

    cum haec sunt videnda, tum vero illud est hominis magni, etc.,

    in particular, Cic. Clu. 58, 159; id. Mur. 27, 55; id. Phil. 3, 5, 12; 7, 3, 9; cf. id. Or. 1, 23, 106; 3, 16, 60; Liv. 34, 39, 9; Quint. 12, 1, 25.—
    (β).
    By maxime, above all, most of all, especially, chiefly:

    cum omnibus in rebus temeritas in adsentando turpis est, tum in eo loco maxime in quo ju dicandum est quantum, etc.,

    Cic. Div. 1, 4, 7; id. Tusc. 4, 1, 1; 5, 12, 36; id. Rosc. Am. 25, 69:

    cum infamia atque indignitas rei impediebat, tum maxime quod, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 56; Sall. J. 43, 5; Liv. 1, 8, 2; Suet. Claud. 30; Quint. 6, 1, 29.—
    (γ).
    By praecipue, especially, chiefly, above all:

    cum omnium sociorum provinciarumque rationem diligenter habere debetis, tum praecipue Siciliae,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 1, § 2; id. Fam. 13, 11, 3:

    fortuna quae plurimum potest cum in reliquis rebus, tum praecipue in bello,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 68; Liv. 22, 43, 11; 1, 40, 3; Quint. 1, 1, 29; 1, 10, 13; 5, 10, 106; Plin. Ep. 4, 3, 2.—
    (δ).
    By inprimis, chiefly, principally:

    cum multa non probo, tum illud inprimis quod, etc.,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 6, 18; id. Fam. 12, 22, 3.—
    (ε).
    By cumprimis, chiefly, principally: quapropter bene cum superis de rebus habenda Nobis est ratio... tum cumprimis Unde anima atque animi constet [p. 1910] natura videndum, Lucr. 1, 131.—
    (ζ).
    By certe, especially, at least, assuredly:

    at cum de plurimis eadem dicit, tum certe de maximis,

    Cic. Fin. 4, 5, 13; id. Fam. 7, 4; cf. Quint. 2, 1, 10.—
    (η).
    By nimirum, assuredly, undoubtedly:

    cum plurimas... commoditates amicitia contineat, tum illa nimirum praestat omnibus quod, etc.,

    Cic. Am. 7, 23. —
    (θ).
    By etiam, besides, as well:

    cum omnes omnibus ex terris homines improbos audacesque collegerat, tum etiam multos fortes viros et bonos... tenebat,

    Cic. Cael. 6, 14; id. Ac. 2, 10, 31; id. Tusc. 1, 1, 2:

    quos tu cum memoriter, tum etiam erga nos amice et benevole collegisti,

    id. Fin. 1, 10, 34; id. Verr. 2, 3, 23, § 56:

    cum sua virtute, tum etiam alienis vitiis,

    id. Leg. 23, 67; id. Fin. 2, 12, 38; id. N. D. 2, 37, 95; id. de Or. 3, 60, 225; Liv. 1, 21, 2; 7, 23, 6; 7, 32, 10; Val. Max. 7, 2, 3; 3, 2, 10; 9, 6, 3; Quint. 9, 1, 20; 9, 4, 143.—
    (ι).
    By quoque, also, besides, as well:

    cum potestas major, tum vir quoque potestati par hostes trans Anienem submovere,

    Liv. 4, 17, 11; 1, 22, 2; cf. Quint. 12, 10, 72.—
    (κ).
    By et, also, besides, too:

    cujus mortem cum luctus civitatis, tum et dictaturae undecim insignem fecere,

    Just. 19, 1, 7.—
    (λ).
    By praeterea, moreover, besides:

    dicimus C. Verrem cum multa libidinose fecerit, tum praeterea quadringentiens sestertium ex Sicilia abstulisse,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 18, 56.
    II.
    Tum as correlative of dependent clauses (freq. in ante - class. writings and Cic., rare in post-Aug. writings).
    A.
    With temporal clauses, introduced by cum, = at the time when, at a time when.
    1.
    Referring to definite past time.
    a.
    Tum as antecedent of cum:

    jam tum cum primum jussit me ad se arcessier, Roget quis, Quid tibi cum illa?

    Ter. Eun. 3, 3, 4; id. Heaut. 2, 3, 21:

    qui (Hercules) tum dolore frangebatur cum immortalitatem ipsa morte quaerebat,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 8, 20:

    bene apud majores nostros senatus tum cum florebat imperium decrevit ut, etc.,

    id. Div. 1, 41, 91; id. Phil. 2, 44, 114; id. Div. 1, 17, 30; id. Verr. 2, 2, 66, § 160; id. Clu. 33, 89; id. Verr. 1, 2, 5; id. Brut. 2, 7; 23, 89; id. Off. 3, 27, 100; id. Agr. 2, 24, 64; id. Phil. 2, 39, 100; 3, 4, 11:

    tum mittendos legatos fuisse cum Perseus Graecas urbes obsideret,

    Liv. 45, 3, 7:

    tum cum Vipereos sparsi... dentes,

    Ov. M. 4, 572; id. H. 3, 23; Val. Max. 6, 1, 12.—After pluperf.:

    nam tum cum in Asia res magnas permulti amiserant scimus Romae solutione impedita fidem concidisse,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 7, 19; Val. Max. 3, 6, 1; 2, 8, 15 fin. —Tum inserted in the temporal clause:

    cum Davo egomet vidi jurgantem ancillam... quom ibi me adesse neuter tum praesenserat,

    Ter. And. 5, 1, 20.—
    b.
    Tum, introducing the apodosis of the temporal clause (generally not transl. in Engl.).
    (α).
    Of coincident events, cum... tum = while: quom genui tum morituros scivi, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 58, 132 (Trag. Rel. v. 361 Vahl.); Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 18:

    cum minime videbamur, tum maxime philosophabamur,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 3, 6; id. Agr. 2, 11, 26; id. Cael. 26, 63; id. Phil. 3, 5, 13:

    cum pavida mulier nullam opem videret, tum Tarquinius fateri amorem, orare, etc.,

    Liv. 1, 58, 3; 5, 11, 4. —
    (β).
    Tum = deinde, usu. after a pluperf.:

    id cum Sulla fecisset, tum ante oppidum Nolam Samnitium castra cepit,

    Cic. Div. 1, 33, 72; id. Brut. 92, 319; id. Ac. 2, 3, 9; 2, 3, 15; id. Fin. 1, 8, 26; id. Tusc. 4, 20, 45; id. Div. 1, 25, 53; 2, 2, 7; id. Rep. 2, 25, 47; Liv. 21, 11, 8; cf. id. 1, 26, 7; 23, 22, 4.—Inserted in the apodosis:

    cum jam humanae opes egestae a Veis essent, amoliri tum deum dona,

    Liv. 5, 22, 3.—
    2.
    Referring to definite present time:

    quem esse negas, eundem esse dicis. Cum enim miserum esse dicis, tum eum qui non sit, dicis esse,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 6, 12.—
    3.
    Referring to indefinite time.
    a.
    As antecedent of the clause, = at the time when, at a time when, whenever: hominum inmortalis est infamia;

    etiam tum vivit quom esse credas mortuam,

    Plaut. Pers. 3, 1, 28; id. As. 1, 3, 55; id. Merc. 3, 2, 7; Cato, R. R. 31:

    nec sibi enim quisquam tum se vitamque requirit Cum pariter mens et corpus sopita quiescunt,

    Lucr. 3, 919; 4, 444; 4, 455;

    4, 1166: omnis praedictio mali tum probatur cum ad praedictionem cautio adjungitur,

    Cic. Div. 2, 25, 54; id. Fin. 2, 32, 104; id. N. D. 2, 3, 9: tum cum sine pondere suci Mobilibus ventis arida facta volant, Ov. H. 5, 109; Cic. Ac. 1, 12, 44; 2, 27, 88; id. Fin. 4, 8, 20; id. Tusc. 3, 9, 20; 5, 26, 73; id. N. D. 1, 4, 9; id. Off. 1, 27, 93.—Tum maxime... cum plurimum = eo magis quo magis:

    eam (partem animi) tum maxime vigere cum plurimum absit a corpore,

    Cic. Div. 1, 32, 70; so, cum maxime... tum maxime; v. b. a foll.—
    b.
    Tum introducing the apodosis.
    (α).
    As coincident:

    quom amamus, tum perimus,

    Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 94:

    ulmus, cum folia cadunt, tum iterum tempestiva est,

    Cato, R. R. 17; so id. ib. 155 (156):

    cum ea quae quasi involuta fuerunt, aperti sunt, tum inventa dicuntur,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 8, 26; id. Fin. 5, 10, 29; 1, 17, 57; id. N. D. 2, 52, 129; 1, 19, 49; id. Imp. Pomp. 6, 15.—Cum maxime... tum maxime = quo magis eo magis:

    nam quom pugnabant maxume, ego tum fugiebam maxume,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 45:

    quamobrem omnes, cum secundae res sunt maxume, tum maxume Meditari secum oportet, etc.,

    Cic. Tusc. 3, 14, 30 poet. —
    (β).
    As subsequent:

    ad legionem quom itum, adminiculum eis danunt tum jam aliquem cognatum suum,

    Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 47:

    eo cum accessit ratio argumentique conclusio... tum et perceptio eorum omnium apparet,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 10, 30; 2, 41, 128; id. Fin. 5, 9, 24; 1, 20, 69; 5, 15, 41; id. Tusc. 1, 4, 8; 1, 24, 58; 3, 2, 3; id. N. D. 2, 48, 123; id. Div. 2, 19, 44.—
    4.
    Referring to future time.
    (α).
    Tum as antecedent of cum:

    quom mi haec dicentur dicta, tum tu, furcifer, quasi mus in medio pariete vorsabere,

    Plaut. Cas. 1, 51; id. Bacch. 3, 4, 20:

    non committam ut tum haec res judicetur cum haec frequentia Roma discesserit,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 18, 54; id. Agr. 2, 17, 44; 2, 25, 67; id. Fin. 4, 22, 62; id. Tusc. 1, 20, 46; Liv. 23, 13, 4; 41, 10, 7; Ov. M. 2, 651; id. H. 15, 293; Nep. Them. 6, 5.—
    (β).
    Tum introducing the apodosis:

    quom videbis, tum scies,

    Plaut. Bacch. 1, 2, 37; 4, 6, 30:

    de quo cum perpauca dixero, tum ad jus civile veniam,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 12, 34; id. Clu. 2, 6; 4, 9; Liv. 3, 56, 10.—
    B.
    With temporal clause, introduced by ubi.
    1.
    Tum as antecedent of the clause (very rare):

    vitem novellam resecare tum erit tempus ubi valebit,

    Cato, R. R. 33:

    tum tu igitur demum id adulescenti aurum dabis, ubi erit locata virgo in matrimonium?

    Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 52.—
    2.
    Tum introducing the apodosis.
    (α).
    Referring to definite past time (tum always = deinde):

    ubi eorum dolorem majorem quam ceterorum cognovi, tum meum animum in illos, tum mei consilii causam proposui, tum eos hortatus sum, etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 63, § 140; Sall. J. 94, 3:

    ubi illuxit, et Romanis Punica et Gallica arma cognita, tum dubitationem exemere,

    Liv. 25, 10, 5; 1, 9, 10; 4, 57, 3; 9, 43, 16; 21, 25, 12; 23, 11, 4.—
    (β).
    Referring to indefinite time:

    post ubi tempust promissa jam perfici, Tum coacti necessario se aperiunt,

    Ter. And. 4, 1, 8: Cato, R. R. 3 init.; 17:

    ubi jam morbi se flexit causa... Tum quasi vaccillans primum consurgit,

    Lucr. 3, 503; 6, 129; 6, 526.—
    (γ).
    Referring to future time:

    otium ubi erit, tum tibi operam ludo et deliciae dabo,

    Plaut. Rud. 2, 4, 13; id. Stich. 4, 2, 14:

    ubi tu voles, Ubi tempus erit, sat habet si tum recipitur,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 32; Plaut. Truc. 4, 4, 18; id. Bacch. 4, 3, 72; id. Pers. 4, 7, 19; id. Cas. 3, 2, 27:

    ut ubi id interrogando argumentis firmavero, tum testes ad crimen accommodem,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 18, 55:

    ubi haerere jam aciem videris, tum terrorem equestrem infer,

    Liv. 6, 12, 10; 22, 55, 8.—
    C.
    With a temporal clause introduced by postquam.
    1.
    Tum as antecedent of the clause (very rare):

    Flaminius qui ne quieto quidem hoste ipse quieturus erat, tum vero postquam res sociorum ante oculos prope suos ferri vidit, suum id dedecus ratus, etc.,

    Liv. 22, 3, 7; Val. Max. 3, 8, 1 (v. infra, III. A. 2. a. b).—
    2.
    Tum introducing the apodosis (always = deinde).
    (α).
    Referring to definite past time:

    posteaquam e portu piratae exierunt, tum coeperunt quaerere homines, etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 38, § 100; Sall. J. 106, 6; 84, 1; id. Cat. 51, 40 (al. tunc):

    postquam satis virium collectum videbat, tum ex suis unum sciscitatum Romam ad patrem misit,

    Liv. 1, 54, 5; 3, 66, 5; 6, 13, 4; 22, 48, 4; 25, 10, 6; Gell. 5, 3, 6.—
    (β).
    Referring to indefinite time: postquam vero commoditas quaedam... dicendi copiam consecuta est, tum ingenio freta malitia pervertere urbes adsuevit, Cic. Inv. 1, 2, 3.—
    D.
    With a temporal clause introduced by ut.
    1.
    Tum as antecedent of the clause (very rare):

    tum vero ingentem gemitum dat Ut spolia, ut currus, utque ipsum corpus amici... conspexit,

    Verg. A. 1, 485; cf. id. ib. 12, 218.—
    2.
    Tum introducing the apodosis.
    (α).
    Of definite past time:

    nam ut dudum adcurrimus ad Alcesimarchum... tum mi, puto, prae timore hic excidisse Cistellam,

    Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 46:

    sed ut intellectum est quantam vim haberet accurata... oratio, tum etiam magistri dicendi multi subito exstiterunt,

    Cic. Brut. 8, 30; id. Phil. 9, 4, 9; Liv. 24, 44, 10; id. 21, 54, 9; 23, 34, 6.—
    (β).
    Referring to future time:

    neque ut quaeque res delata ad nos erit, tum denique scrutari locos debemus,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 34, 146:

    traditum esse ut quando aqua Albana abundasset, tum, si eam Romanus rite emisisset, victoriam de Vejentibus dari (= si quando),

    Liv. 5, 15, 11 Weissenb. ad loc.—
    E.
    With a temporal clause introduced by quando.
    1.
    Tum as antecedent of the clause.
    (α).
    Of definite past time:

    auctoritatem senatus exstare sentio, tum, quando Alexandro mortuo, legatos Tyrum misimus,

    Cic. Agr. 2, 16, 41.—
    (β).
    Of future time:

    at scire tum memento quando id quod voles habebis,

    Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 41; id. Mil. 3, 1, 213; id. Most. 3, 1, 136; id. Men. 5, 7, 57:

    utinam tum essem natus quando Romani dona accipere coepissent,

    Cic. Off. 2, 21, 75.—
    2.
    Tum introducing the apodosis.
    (α).
    Of indefinite time (quando = whenever):

    quando esurio tum crepant (intestina),

    Plaut. Men. 5, 5, 27; id. Truc. 1, 1, 15; id. Ps. 4, 7, 85:

    quando mulier dotem marito dabat, tum quae ex suis bonis retinebat reciperare dicebatur,

    Gell. 17, 6, 6; 7 (6), 14, 4.—
    (β).
    Of future time:

    at tu, quando habebis, tum dato,

    Plaut. Men. 3, 3, 23:

    quando ab eadem parte sol eodemque tempore iterum defecerit, tum signis omnibus ad principium revocatis, expletum annum habeto,

    Cic. Rep. 6, 22, 24:

    quando mihi usus venerit, tum quaeram ex te atque discam,

    Gell. 6 (7), 17, 4.—
    F.
    In the apodosis after simul ac:

    an simul ac nubes successere, ipse in eas tum Descendit (Juppiter), prope ut hinc teli determinet ictus?

    Lucr. 6, 402.—
    G.
    With a temporal clause introduced by dum.
    1.
    Tum as antecedent:

    sanctius visum est nomen Augusti, ut scilicet jam tum dum colit terras, ipso numine ac titulo consecretur,

    Flor. 2, 33, 66 (4, 12, 66).—
    2.
    Tum introducing the apodosis:

    dum habeat, tum amet,

    Plaut. Truc. 2, 1, 23:

    dum se glomerant... tum pondere turris Procubuit,

    Verg. A. 9, 540.—
    H.
    As antecedent of quamdiu:

    qui cum tibi amicus non modo tum fuerit quamdiu tecum in provincia fuerit, verum etiam nunc sit cum, etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 24, § 58.—
    K.
    Denoting a logical consequence after quando and cum:

    quando ergo erga te benignus fui... tum te mihi benigne itidem addecet... referre gratiam,

    Plaut. Rud. 5, 3, 35:

    cum magnus numerus deesset, tum iste homo nefarius in eorum locum... substituere coepit cives Romanos,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 28, § 72.—
    L.
    After relative clauses denoting time: qua tempestate Paris Helenam innuptis junxit nuptiis, Ego tum gravida expletis jam fere ad pariendum mensibus, Poet. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 58, 219 (Trag. Rel. p. 246 Rib.).—
    M.
    With conditional clauses.
    1.
    With a conditional clause introduced by si, sin, ni (not nisi).
    (α).
    Tum as antecedent of clause:

    tum pol ego interii, homo si ille abiit,

    Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 6; id. Men. 2, 2, 71; Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 40:

    si tenuis causa est, tum etiam argumentandi tenue filum,

    Cic. Or. 36, 124; id. Rep. 1, 40, 62; 2, 9, 15; id. Fin. 1, 19, 63; id. N. D. 1, 6, 13; id. Verr. 2, 3, 47, § 112:

    tum vero ego nequiquam Capitolium servaverim si civem in servitutem duci videam,

    Liv. 6, 14, 4; 3, 9, 11; 6, 14, 4; 7, 34, 14; Cato ap. Plin. 29, 1, 7, § 14; Gell. 2, 12, 1 sq.; 4, 13, 1; 14, 2, 21.—
    (β).
    Tum introducing the apodosis:

    si triduum hoc hic erimus, tum arbores in te cadent,

    Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 30; id. Rud. 5, 2, 59; 3, 4, 49; id. As. 1, 3, 89; id. Rud. 1, 3, 13; id. Ps. 4, 1, 1; 4, 1, 48 (39); Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 64; 3, 1, 17; id. Phorm. 1, 3, 19; Cato, R. R. 26; cf. id. ib. 27:

    quod si, ut spero, cepero, tum vero litteras publice mittam,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 10, 3; id. Div. 1, 44, 100; cf. id. Ac. 2, 10, 32; id. Fin. 2, 4, 79; id. N. D. 3, 36, 87; id. Rep. 1, 43, 66: id. [p. 1911] Rosc. Am. 49, 142:

    si dimicandum erit, tum tu in novissimos te recipito,

    Liv. 7, 40, 13; 8, 10, 12; Hor. S. 1, 2, 97; Ov. M. 7, 32.—

    Esp., denoting the consequences of perjury in ancient formulas of oaths: si ego injuste illos homines dedier mihi exposco, tum patriae compotem me numquam siris esse,

    Liv. 1, 32, 7; 1, 24, 8; 22, 53, 11; hence, quid si falles? Me. Tum Mercurius Sosiae iratus siet, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 239; 3, 2, 52; id. Aul. 4, 10, 50; cf. also Liv. 3, 64, 10.—
    2.
    With a condition contrary to fact.
    (α).
    Tum, antecedent of clause:

    tum esset ostentum, si anguem vectis circumplicavisset,

    Cic. Div. 2, 28, 62; id. Verr. 2, 2, 68, § 164:

    tum id audirem si tibi soli viveres,

    id. Marcell. 8, 25; id. Fin. 4, 13, 33; id. Div. 2, 35, 73.—
    (β).
    Tum introducing the apodosis:

    si quidem me amaret, tum istuc prodesset,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 56:

    quodsi omnia nobis quae ad victum pertinent. suppeditarentur, tum optimo quisque ingenio, totum se in cognitione et scientia collocaret,

    Cic. Off. 1, 44, 158. —
    N.
    After an abl. absol.
    1.
    With perfect participles (= postquam or cum... tum), mostly with denique, vero, demum.
    (α).
    Referring to definite past time:

    ut morte ejus nuntiata tum denique bellum confectum arbitraretur,

    Cic. Mur. 16, 34:

    sed confecto proelio tum vero cerneres quanta vis animi fuisset in exercitu Catilinae,

    Sall. C. 61, 1:

    ita rebus divinis peractis tum de bello deque republica dictator rettulit,

    Liv. 22, 11, 1; 2, 29, 1; 2, 29, 3; 3, 56, 1; 5, 50, 8; Plin. 11, 20, 22, § 68.—
    (β).
    Referring to indefinite time:

    hisce omnibus rebus consideratis, tum denique id quod primum est dicendum, postremum soleo cogitare, quo utar exordio,

    Cic. Or. 2, 77, 315.—
    (γ).
    Referring to future time (the abl. absol. = a fut. perf.):

    ita prope XL. diebus interpositis tum denique se responsuros esse arbitrantur,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 10, 31; 1, 18, 54; id. Fin. 4, 13, 32; id. Scaur. Fragm. 10, 22.—
    2.
    With pres. participles (post-class.):

    tacentibus cunctis, tum ipse (dixit), etc.,

    Just. 12, 15, 6.
    III.
    Particular connections.
    A.
    With other particles of time.
    1.
    Jam tum, already at that time, i. e. earlier than might be anticipated:

    jam tum erat suspitio Dolo malo haec fieri,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 3, 8; cf. id. ib. 4, 4, 58; id. Phorm. 5, 8, 34:

    quippe etenim jam tum divom mortalia saecla Egregias animo facies vigilante videbant,

    Lucr. 5, 1169; 5, 1037:

    ut mihi jam tum divinasse ille (Romulus) videatur hanc urbem sedem aliquando summo esse imperio praebituram,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 5, 10; 2, 7, 12; id. Div. 2, 57, 118; id. Tusc. 4, 2, 4:

    jam tum in Palatio monte Lupercal hoc fuisse ludicrum ferunt,

    Liv. 1, 5, 1; 1, 7, 16; 1, 41, 7; 10, 21, 14;

    24, 49, 1: ut jam tum qualis futurus esset ostenderet,

    Suet. Dom. 1; Curt. 4, 6, 29.—
    2.
    Tum demum and tum denique, then only, then at length, then at last, not till then, i. e. later than might be expected, implying delayed action.
    a.
    Tum demum.
    (α).
    In gen.:

    adversisque in rebus noscere qui sit. Nam verae voces tum demum pectore ab imo Eiciuntur,

    Lucr. 3, 58:

    tum demum Liscus, oratione Caesaris adductus, quod antea tacuerat proponit,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 17; 5, 33; Sall. J. 46, 1:

    nec ante in campum degressi sunt quam, etc. Tum demum castra Etruscorum pro moenibus Fidenarum posita,

    Liv. 4, 17, 12; 45, 12, 6; 2, 20, 11; 5, 39, 2; 23, 19, 15 et saep.; Val. Max. 1, 6, 10; 1, 7, 4; Curt. 3, 12, 12; Tac. A. 3, 18; 3, 47.—
    (β).
    In partic., referring to clauses introduced by cum, ubi, si, or abl. absol. (v. II. A. B. L. M.), denoting absolute restriction to the terms of the clause:

    imo etiam ubi expolivero, magis hoc tum demum dices,

    Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 60:

    tum demum mihi procax Academia videbitur si aut consenserint omnes, aut, etc.,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 6, 13:

    cum is Casilini eo die mansurum dixisset, tum demum cognitus est error,

    Liv. 22, 13, 8; Vell. 2, 115, 4; Val. Max. 3, 8, 1 fin.; 7, 2, 4; Curt. 3, 11, 6; Plin. Ep. 8, 20, 7.—
    (γ).
    Sometimes = nunc demum (anteclass.): victus es, Chaline. St. Tum nos demum vivere. Olympio. Gaudeo, Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 65.—
    b.
    Tum denique.
    (α).
    In gen.:

    tum denique tauros in gregem redigo,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 5:

    injecta glaeba tumulus is (locus) ubi humatus est vocatur, ac tum denique multa religiosa jura complectitur,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 22, 57; id. Fin. 3, 22, 76; id. Tusc. 3, 26, 61: nequiquam temptati ut tum denique desisterent impediendo bello, Liv. 4, 55, 5; Ov. M. 4, 519; 7, 857; 10, 664.—
    (β).
    Referring to clauses with cum, etc. (v. II. A. B. L. M.):

    tum denique homines nostra intellegimus bona quom quae in potestate habuimus ea amisimus,

    Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 33:

    quo cum venerimus, tum denique vivemus,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 31, 75; 3, 31, 75; id. Leg. 2, 4, 10; id. Rep. 1, 6, 11; so,

    tum denique si,

    id. Fam. 14, 2, 3; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 10, § 29; id. Verr. 2, 2, 1, § 1:

    indicandum primum fuisse, dein petendum praesidium, postremo ni impetraretur, tum denique querendum,

    Liv. 23, 43, 2; Cato ap. Plin. 17, 18, 29, § 126 (for tum vero denique after ut, Cic. Phil. 9, 4, 9, v. II. D. 2. a).—
    3.
    Tum primum (rarely primo), then for the first time:

    tum genus humanum primum mollescere coepit,

    Lucr. 5, 1014:

    ludorum gratia quos tum primum anniversarios in circo facere constituisset,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 7, 12; id. Sen. 21, 78; Caes. B. G. 7, 11:

    ponte sublicio tum primum in Tiberi facto,

    Liv. 1, 33, 6; 2, 41, 3; 39, 22, 2; 2, 20, 6; 39, 49, 4; Vell. 2, 37, 5; Tac. A. 2, 27; id. H. 4, 57; Curt. 3, 12, 26. —
    4.
    With deinde, hic, postea, with consecutive force emphatic.
    a.
    Deinde tum (very rare):

    primum ea quae sumus acturi cogitare debemus, deinde tum dicere ac facere,

    Varr. L. L. 6, 6, 62.—
    b.
    Tum deinde.
    (α).
    = tum demum or tum denique, then at length, not till then, then only:

    nonne optime patronus occurrat prius conviciis luxuriae, etc., tum deinde narret de bonis Pallae? etc.,

    Quint. 4, 2, 27; 12, 10, 11:

    emam, aedificabo, credam, exigam, honores geram: tum deinde lassam senectutem in otium referam,

    Sen. Ep. 101, 4; Plin. 16, 44, 95, § 251.—So corresp. with cum:

    quas cum solus pertulisset, tum deinde comitia collegae subrogando habuit,

    Liv. 2, 8, 3 (Weissenb. demum, by conj.); Col. R. R. 1, 6, 13. —
    (β).
    = an emphatic deinde: nam praetermisit quod in prima parte sumere debuit;

    tum deinde eodem ipso quod omiserat quasi proposito ad confirmandum aliud utitur,

    Gell. 2, 8, 3; 13, 24 (23), 1; Just. 2, 1, 19.—
    c.
    With hic:

    hic tum repente Pacilius quidam accedit, ait, etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 38, § 94:

    hic ego tum ad respondendum surrexi,

    id. Clu. 18, 51; 27, 73:

    hic tum injectus est hominibus scrupulus,

    id. ib. 28, 76; id. Sest. 11, 25.—
    d.
    Tum postea:

    tum postea complorantibus nostris, dies quidem tandem inluxit,

    Gell. 19, 1, 3; so id. 14, 3, 10 (for quid tum postea, v. D. 1.).—
    5.
    With interim:

    unum, alterum, tertium annum Sassia quiescebat... Tum interim, Q. Hortensio, Q. Metello coss.... despondet ei filiam suam,

    Cic. Clu. 64, 179.—
    B.
    With particles of emphasis.
    1.
    Tum vero (sometimes tum enimvero or enimvero tum), then indeed, at that crisis, then if not before, etc., or merely = emphatic then, denoting either coincidence or sequence of action.
    (α).
    In gen.:

    discedit a Melino Cluentia. Tum vero illa egregia mater palam exsultare... coepit,

    Cic. Clu. 5, 14; 22, 61; id. Agr. 1, 1, 3; id. Verr. 2, 5, 41, § 107:

    semper equidem magno cum metu incipio dicere... tum vero ita sum perturbatus ut, etc.,

    id. Clu. 18, 51:

    tum vero dubitandum non existimavit quin ad eos proficisceretur,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 8; 5, 37; id. B. C. 1, 82; 2, 42:

    Aruns Tarquinius et Tullia minor... junguntur nuptiis. Tum vero in dies infestior Tulli senectus... coepit esse,

    Liv. 1, 47, 1; 2, 22, 6; 4, 49, 13; 10, 19, 12; 21, 45, 9; 21, 58, 5; Ov. M. 2, 227; 7, 685; Curt. 4, 13, 1; 3, 11, 5; Tac. Agr. 37.—And in enumerations:

    deinde... post autem... tum vero ipsam veterem Karthaginem vendunt,

    Cic. Agr. 1, 2, 5.—
    (β).
    As correlative of temporal or conditional clauses, and after abl. absol.:

    quod ubi Romam est nuntiatum, senatui metum injecit ne tum vero sustineri nec in urbe seditio, nec in castris posset,

    Liv. 5, 7, 4; Sall. J. 94, 3:

    tum vero... si,

    Cic. Fin. 1, 19, 63; Liv. 6, 14, 4 (v. II. M. 1. a, b).—With cum, Liv. 32, 12, 1:

    quae postquam frustra temptata rogumque parari... vidit, Tum vero gemitus... Edidit,

    Ov. M. 2, 621; Sall. J. 106, 6; 84, 1; id. Cat. 51, 40; v. C. 1. b. (so, tum vero denique after ut, Cic. Phil. 9, 4, 9; v. II. D. 2. and M. 1.).—
    2.
    Tum quidem, at that time, thereupon, then at least (usu. opposed to a later time): dixit sibi in somnis visum esse, etc. Et tum quidem incolumis exercitum liberavit; post triennium autem devovit se, etc., Cic. Div. 1, 24, 51; so,

    actum quidem,

    id. Fl. 25, 59; id. Lael. 11, 39:

    et tum quidem ab Dio Perseus in interiora regni recepit se... post dies paucos, etc.,

    Liv. 42, 39, 1; 1, 57, 10; 3, 2, 10;

    7, 17, 3.—Often in resuming the narrative after a digression: ac tum quidem regem... filium appellat,

    Curt. 4, 7, 25.—Merely emphatic:

    Duillio Cornelioque coss. etiam mari congredi ausus est. Tum quidem ipsa velocitas classis comparatae victoriae auspicium fuit,

    Flor. 1, 18 (2, 2), 7; so id. 1, 22 (2, 6), 20; 1, 40 (3, 5), 12.—With cum, Tac. Dial. 11.—
    3.
    Ne tum quidem, not even then:

    num quis horum miser hodie? Ne tum quidem, post spiritum extremum,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 37, 89; id. Div. 1, 26, 55; id. Verr. 2, 2, 40, § 98:

    ubi ne tum quidem eos prodire intellexit,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 50; 7, 53; Tac. H. 5, 21; Curt. 3, 2, 18.—With cum:

    ille vere ne tum quidem miser cum ab Oroete in crucem actus est,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 30, 92; so id. Tusc. 5, 20, 57; id. Verr. 2, 5, 23, § 59; Liv. praef. 12; 39, 39, 11.—
    4.
    Tum maxime (sometimes tum cummaxime).
    (α).
    Especially at that time, chiefly then: illi sumposia, nos convivia quod tum maxime simul vivitur, Cic. Fam. 9, 24, 35; id. Leg. 2, 11, 26.—With cum:

    quae quidem vis tum maxime cognita est cum... M. Cato, legem suadens, in Galbam multa dixit,

    Cic. Brut. 23, 89; id. Sest. 21, 47; id. Par. 4, 1, 29.—
    (β).
    Just then, just at that moment (not ante-Aug.):

    regi, tum maxime captivos ex Illyrico vendenti,

    Liv. 43, 20, 3; 1, 10, 1:

    per totam aciem vulgatum est, castra amissa esse, et tum cummaxime ardere,

    id. 40, 32, 1; so,

    tum cummaxime,

    id. 43, 7, 8:

    corpus enim suum a caupone trucidatum tum maxime plaustro ad portam ferri,

    Val. Max. 1, 7, ext. 10; 2, 10, 2; 3, 2, 2 fin.; Curt. 3, 4, 14; 6, 6, 10; Plin. 2, 63, 63, § 154; Quint. 2, 15, 30; 2, 61, 31; Suet. Caes. 65; id. Calig. 53.—So with cum:

    et quod tum maxime Abydum oppugnaret cum rex ab Attalo et Rhodiis ultro se bello lacessitum diceret,

    Liv. 31, 18, 2; Sen. Ira, 1, 15, 2.—
    (γ).
    Strengthening the co-ordinate tum after cum, so especially; v. I. C. 3. e. b (for cum maxime... tum maxime and tum maxime... cum plurimum, v. II. A. 3. a. b.).—
    5.
    Tum potissimum = tum maxime, just then (rare):

    C. Caesar... tum potissimum acie commissa impeditos religione hostes vicit,

    Front. Strat. 2, 1, 16.—
    6.
    Etiam tum.
    (α).
    Even then:

    etiam tum vivit cum esse credas mortuam,

    Plaut. Pers. 3, 1, 28:

    totum se Servilio etiam tum tradidit,

    even then, at so late a time, Cic. Sest. 62, 130:

    etiam tum cum verisimile erit,

    id. Rosc. Am. 20, 57.— So with cum, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 59, § 154; id. Dom. 13, 23; id. Sest. 38, 81.—
    (β).
    Still, as yet (also as one word; cf. etiamtum, and v. the foll. additional passages), Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 19, § 41; id. Fin. 3, 14, 48; id. Rep. 2, 12, 24; id. Arch. 3, 5; id. de Or. 2, 3, 12; id. Brut. 20, 80; id. Off. 2, 14, 47; Caes. B. C. 3, 93; Liv. 5, 40, 10; Val. Max. 9, 6, 3; Tac. A. 3, 72; Suet. Claud. 27 fin.; id. Dom. 22.—

    And with a negation, = nondum: ipsa ego non longos etiam tum scissa capillos,

    not yet long, Ov. H. 8, 79.—
    7.
    Tum etiam.
    (α).
    Followed by si or cum, even if, even when:

    atque equidem filium Tum etiam si nolit, cogam,

    Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 65:

    qui tum etiam cum... circumfusi erant caligine,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 19, 45.—
    (β).
    Then also, then too, besides:

    tum etiam illud cogitatote, sic vivere Cornelium ut, etc.,

    Cic. Balb. 28, 65; id. N. D. 1, 16, 43; so id. Leg. 1, 13, 35; id. Fin. 2, 16, 53; Col. 12 praef.—
    8.
    Tum quoque.
    (α).
    Also then, then likewise, then as before, then as on another occasion mentioned before: ceu lapidem si Percutiat lapis aut ferrum;

    nam tum quoque lumen Exsilit,

    Lucr. 6, 162:

    tum quoque homini plus tribui quam nescio cui necessitati,

    Cic. Prov. Cons. 11, 28:

    tum quoque multis milibus Latinorum in civitatem acceptis,

    Liv. 1, 33, 5; 2, 52, 2; 21, 22, 4; Caes. B. C. 3, 37; Ov. M. 14, 369.—
    (β).
    Even then, = etiam tum (rare):

    et tamen tum quoque se absentes triumphare credunt,

    Liv. 45, 38, 13; 39, 41, 3; 39, 47, 11; Ov. H. 17 (18), 190.—
    (γ).
    In orat. obliq. (v. I. A. 2.), even now:

    quod si Romani tum quoque aequa aspernarentur,

    Liv. 42, 62, 7. —
    (δ).
    = sic quoque, even under the circumstances, even as it was, etc. (v. sic, V. 3.): ut si effugium patuisset in publicum, impleturae urbem tumultu fuerint. Tum quoque [p. 1912] aliquotiens integro corpore evaserunt, Liv. 24, 26, 13; 40, 16, 6; 43, 4, 1;

    9, 13, 9: tum quoque, amputata dextra, navem sinistra comprehendit,

    Just. 2, 9, 18.—
    9.
    Tum ipsum = eo ipso tempore, at the very time, just then, even then (only in Cic. in four passages; cf.:

    nunc ipsum): tota igitur ratio talium largitionum vitiosa est, temporibus necessaria, et tum ipsum... moderanda est,

    Cic. Off. 2, 17, 60:

    quem quidem cum sua voluntate ex patria Karthaginem revertisset, tum ipsum cum vigiliis et fame cruciaretur, clamat virtus beatiorem fuisse quam Thorium,

    id. Fin. 2, 20, 65 Madv. ad loc.:

    tum ipsum cum immolare velis extorum fieri mutatio potest,

    id. Div. 1, 52, 118:

    ita (oratores), non injuria, quotienscunque dicerent, id quod aliquando posset accidere, ne tum ipsum accideret, timere,

    id. Or. 1, 27, 123.—
    C.
    Tum with co-ordinating particles.
    1.
    Tum autem.
    (α).
    = praeterea, and then, besides (v. I. C. 1.): turpilucricupidum te vocant cives tui;

    tum autem sunt alii qui te volturium vocant,

    Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 64:

    oves scabrae sunt... Tum autem Surorum nemo exstat qui ibi sex menses vixerit,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 141; id. Mil. 4, 2, 13; id. Pers. 4, 2, 3; id. Poen. 5, 5, 34; 5, 7, 22; Ter. And. 1, 5, 34; id. Eun. 5, 9, 7; id. Hec. 2, 1, 14; 3, 2, 10:

    tum autem qui non ipso honesto movemur... callidi sumus, non boni,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 14, 41; id. Or. 1, 58, 247; 2, 19, 80.—
    (β).
    = tum... tum:

    visne igitur inter hos populos inambulantes, tum autem residentes quaeramus eisdem de rebus?

    Cic. Leg. 1, 5, 15.—
    (γ).
    = eo tempore, with autem as connective:

    tum illic autem Lemnius... uxorem duxit, etc.,

    Plaut. Cist. 1, 3, 25:

    tum autem ex omnibus montibus nives proluit,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 48.—
    (δ).
    But in this instance:

    uxori emunda ancilla'st: tum autem pluscula Supellectile opus est,

    Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 60; 5, 7, 25 sq.—
    2.
    For tum etiam, v. B. 7. b.—
    3.
    Tum praeterea:

    nam tui similis est probe. Tum praeterea talem, nisi tu, nulla pareret filium,

    Ter. Heaut. 5, 3, 20; so id. Ad. 3, 2, 47; id. Phorm. 3, 2, 33; Cic. Verr. 1, 18, 56 (v. I. C. 3. e. l).—
    4.
    Tum porro:

    tum porro venti magnam quoque tollere partem Umoris possunt,

    Lucr. 6, 623; 4, 829 (827).—
    D.
    Quid tum?
    1.
    In dialogue, what then? what next? what further? novi ego hos pugnos meos. Ca. Quid tum? Th. Quid tum? Rogitas? Hisce ego, si tu me inritaveris, placidum te hodie reddam, Plaut. Curc. 5, 3, 49; so id. As. 2, 2, 83; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 47; 3, 5, 66; id. Phorm. 3, 3, 8.—And strengthened:

    quid tum postea?

    Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 41; id. As. 2, 2, 68; 2, 2, 79; Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 78; 4, 2, 9; 4, 7, 23; id. Ad. 4, 5, 15; id. Hec. 4, 1, 36: videsne abundare me otio? A. Quid tum? Cic. Tusc. 2, 11, 26.—
    2.
    In imitation of a dialogue:

    at mulctantur bonis exsules. Quid tum? Parumne multa de toleranda paupertate dicuntur?

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 37, 107; so id. Quint. 22, 72; 27, 84; id. Verr. 2, 4, 59, § 132; id. Dom. 47, 123; id. Dejot. 7, 22; id. Phil. 1, 10, 26; Hor. S. 2, 3, 230.—
    3.
    As emphatic co-ordinative in quoting the different items of a document, law, etc.: quive in senatu sententiam dixit, dixerit. Quid tum? Qui eorum coiit, coierit, etc., what next? i. e. and then, listen! Cic. Clu. 54, 148; so id. Agr. 1, 5, 16; 3, 3, 11; id. Mur. 12, 26; id. Fl. 23, 55.—
    E.
    Tum temporis = eo tempore (post class. and rare; cf.:

    tunc temporis): postera die civitas principem suum, ac tum temporis consulem in foro expectabat,

    Just. 31, 2, 6.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > tum

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